Key facts

  • For CET Senior Secondary 2026, this lesson stays inside the Logical Reasoning and Mathematics bullets: LCM and HCF, average, percentage, ratio-proport...
  • Number classification, factors, multiples and divisibility are support skills for LCM-HCF questions; use them only to reach the asked answer faster.
  • HCF is the largest common factor of the given numbers; LCM is the smallest common multiple of the given numbers.
  • Average equals total divided by the number of observations; if average and count are known, total equals average multiplied by count.
  • Percentage means per 100; convert a part to percentage by dividing the part by the base and multiplying by 100.

Key Points at a Glance

  1. 1

    For CET Senior Secondary 2026, this lesson stays inside the Logical Reasoning and Mathematics bullets: LCM and HCF, average, percentage, ratio-proportion, and graphical representation of data.

  2. 2

    Number classification, factors, multiples and divisibility are support skills for LCM-HCF questions; use them only to reach the asked answer faster.

  3. 3

    HCF is the largest common factor of the given numbers; LCM is the smallest common multiple of the given numbers.

  4. 4

    Average equals total divided by the number of observations; if average and count are known, total equals average multiplied by count.

  5. 5

    Percentage means per 100; convert a part to percentage by dividing the part by the base and multiplying by 100.

  6. 6

    Percentage increase or decrease is always measured on the original value, not on the new value.

  7. 7

    In table, bar-chart, pie-chart and line-graph questions, first identify the base, total, required row/column and unit before calculating.

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Syllabus fit and number basics

The Senior Secondary CET 2026 syllabus lists LCM and HCF, average, percentage, ratio and proportion, graphical representation of data, and allied arithmetic under Logical Reasoning and Mathematics. So this topic uses number-system ideas only as tools for those in-scope questions.

Natural numbers are counting numbers such as 1, 2, 3 and 4. Whole numbers include 0 along with natural numbers. Integers include positive numbers, negative numbers and 0. Rational numbers can be written as p/q, where q is not 0; examples are 3/5, -7/2, 8 and 2.75 because 2.75 = 275/100. For CET arithmetic, this classification matters mainly when a question asks whether a value can be divided exactly, compared, written as a fraction, or converted into a percentage.

Place value prevents basic calculation errors. In 5,482, the digit 5 has value 5,000, 4 has value 400, 8 has value 80 and 2 has value 2. Expanded form and left-to-right comparison help when options are close. Negative numbers should be read on a number line: -8 is smaller than -3 because it lies farther left.

Exam habit: identify the number type and place value first, then decide whether the question needs HCF, LCM, average, percentage or a data-table calculation.

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