Key facts

  • ISRO was formed on 15 August 1969 after INCOSPAR, and the Department of Space and Space Commission were set up in 1972;
  • Chandrayaan-3 achieved safe soft landing of Vikram on 23 August 2023, making India the fourth country to land on the Moon and the first near the lunar...
  • Aditya-L1 was inserted into a halo orbit around Sun-Earth L1 on 6 January 2024;
  • XPoSat was launched by PSLV-C58 on 1 January 2024 and is India's first dedicated X-ray polarimetry mission for bright astronomical X-ray sources.
  • Bt cotton was approved by GEAC in 2002 and is the only genetically modified crop approved for commercial cultivation in India;

Key Points at a Glance

  1. 1

    Senior Secondary CET places this topic under Everyday Science: space and information technology, India's space research programme, genetics, chromosomes, nucleic acids, central dogma, human sex determination, biotechnology, bio-patents, new plant varieties and transgenic organisms.

  2. 2

    ISRO was formed on 15 August 1969 after INCOSPAR, and the Department of Space and Space Commission were set up in 1972; Aryabhata was India's first satellite, launched on 19 April 1975.

  3. 3

    Chandrayaan-3 achieved safe soft landing of Vikram on 23 August 2023, making India the fourth country to land on the Moon and the first near the lunar south polar region; Pragyan was the rover.

  4. 4

    Aditya-L1 was inserted into a halo orbit around Sun-Earth L1 on 6 January 2024; L1 is about 1.5 million km from Earth and helps continuous solar observation.

  5. 5

    XPoSat was launched by PSLV-C58 on 1 January 2024 and is India's first dedicated X-ray polarimetry mission for bright astronomical X-ray sources.

  6. 6

    Genetics questions should be answered through genes, chromosomes, DNA, RNA, Mendel's laws, nucleic acids, DNA to RNA to protein flow, and XX/XY human sex determination.

  7. 7

    Bt cotton was approved by GEAC in 2002 and is the only genetically modified crop approved for commercial cultivation in India; it is the safest Indian example for transgenic crop questions.

  8. 8

    GenomeIndia and BioE3 are useful recent examples only when tied to syllabus concepts: genome data, IBDC, high-performance biomanufacturing, safety, regulation and public use.

CET Senior Secondary study hubView study packs

Exact Senior Secondary Scope

This topic is inside the Senior Secondary Everyday Science block. The official syllabus bullets for this lesson are: space and information technology; India's space research programme; general terminology of genetics; Mendel's laws of inheritance; structure of chromosomes; nucleic acids; central dogma of protein synthesis; sex determination in humans; biotechnology; bio-patent; development of new plant varieties; and transgenic organisms.

That scope is narrower than a general science-and-technology current affairs chapter. Do not turn it into a graduation-level list of artificial intelligence policy, quantum mission budgets, semiconductor factories or research-funding laws. Those topics may be useful elsewhere, but the core here is school-level science linked with Indian examples.

Use four handles for revision: category, institution, purpose and everyday application. For space, separate launch vehicle, satellite, mission and application. For genetics, separate gene, chromosome, DNA, RNA, allele, genotype and phenotype. For biotechnology, separate tissue culture, recombinant DNA, biofertiliser, biopesticide, bio-patent and transgenic organism.

Open the complete note

This public page shows the first available section. The study pack opens the complete topic with all revision material.

7 more sections in the complete note

Open study pack