Diet, nutrition, blood groups and common diseases
Key facts
- 2026 CET Graduation places this topic inside Science and Technology: diet and nutrition; blood groups and Rh factor; health care;
- Nutrition questions should link nutrients with function: carbohydrates for energy, proteins for growth and repair, fats for concentrated energy and fa...
- Blood consists mainly of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets;
- The ABO system depends on A and B antigens on red blood cells and matching antibodies in plasma;
- Health care in this topic means prevention plus early action: hygiene, safe water, vaccination, nutrition, first contact care, screening, referral and...
Key Points at a Glance
- 1
2026 CET Graduation places this topic inside Science and Technology: diet and nutrition; blood groups and Rh factor; health care; infectious, non-infectious and zoonotic diseases.
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Nutrition questions should link nutrients with function: carbohydrates for energy, proteins for growth and repair, fats for concentrated energy and fat-soluble vitamin absorption, and vitamins/minerals for protective regulation.
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Blood consists mainly of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets; ABO and Rh compatibility matters for safe transfusion and pregnancy care.
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The ABO system depends on A and B antigens on red blood cells and matching antibodies in plasma; Rh factor is a separate blood-group factor, not a subtype of ABO.
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Health care in this topic means prevention plus early action: hygiene, safe water, vaccination, nutrition, first contact care, screening, referral and rational medicine use.
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Infectious diseases are caused by agents such as bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi; exam questions often match agent, transmission route and prevention method.
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Zoonotic diseases spread from animals to humans directly or through food, water, vectors or the environment; rabies, brucellosis, leptospirosis, avian influenza and some coronaviruses are standard examples.
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Non-infectious diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, cancer, asthma and deficiency disorders do not spread by infection, but many are preventable or controllable through risk-factor management.
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Syllabus Scope and Human-Body Basics
For CET Graduation 2026, this topic must be read through the Science and Technology syllabus bullets: diet and nutrition; blood groups and Rh factor; health care; infectious, non-infectious and zoonotic diseases. A little human-body background is useful only when it supports these bullets. The body is organised from cells to tissues, organs and organ systems, but the exam value lies in function: digestion supplies absorbable nutrients, blood transports gases and nutrients, immunity resists harmful agents, and kidneys help remove nitrogenous wastes and maintain water-salt balance.
The digestive, respiratory, circulatory, excretory, nervous and endocrine systems should not be memorised as isolated lists. Digestion breaks complex food into simpler absorbable units; breathing moves air into and out of the lungs; cellular respiration releases energy inside cells; circulation carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, wastes and immune cells; excretion removes metabolic wastes. Homeostasis means keeping the internal environment stable, such as body temperature, water balance and blood glucose.
Exam signal: keep body systems as the base for nutrition, blood and disease questions. Detailed genetics such as Mendel's laws, chromosome mapping or DNA base-pair exceptions is outside the explicit new syllabus unless it is directly tied to blood groups or disease risk.
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