Key facts

  • Nagabhata I is linked with Gurjara-Pratihara resistance on the western frontier after the Arab conquest of Sindh in 712.
  • Mihir Bhoja ruled about 836-885 and made Kannauj the centre of a strong north Indian Pratihara monarchy.
  • Prithviraja Chauhan III defeated Muhammad Ghori at Tarain in 1191 but lost the decisive second battle in 1192.
  • Alauddin Khilji captured Chittor in 1303, breaking the old Guhila Rawal line before Hammir Singh's Sisodia restoration.
  • Rana Kumbha ruled Mewar from 1433 to 1468 and is remembered for Kumbhalgarh, Vijaya Stambha, music works and temple patronage.

Key Points at a Glance

  1. 1

    Nagabhata I is linked with Gurjara-Pratihara resistance on the western frontier after the Arab conquest of Sindh in 712.

  2. 2

    Mihir Bhoja ruled about 836-885 and made Kannauj the centre of a strong north Indian Pratihara monarchy.

  3. 3

    Prithviraja Chauhan III defeated Muhammad Ghori at Tarain in 1191 but lost the decisive second battle in 1192.

  4. 4

    Alauddin Khilji captured Chittor in 1303, breaking the old Guhila Rawal line before Hammir Singh's Sisodia restoration.

  5. 5

    Rana Kumbha ruled Mewar from 1433 to 1468 and is remembered for Kumbhalgarh, Vijaya Stambha, music works and temple patronage.

  6. 6

    Rao Jodha founded Jodhpur and laid the foundation of Mehrangarh in 1459, shifting Marwar's centre from Mandore.

  7. 7

    Sawai Jai Singh II founded Jaipur in 1727 with Vidyadhar Bhattacharya as chief architect and built the Jaipur Jantar Mantar in 1734.

  8. 8

    The 1818 treaties brought major Rajputana states such as Marwar, Mewar, Bundi, Bikaner and Jaipur under British paramountcy.

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Gurjara-Pratiharas And Early Medieval Rajasthan

The Gurjara-Pratiharas shaped the early medieval political field of Rajasthan by linking western Rajasthan, Malwa and the route to Kannauj. Nagabhata I is associated with resistance on the western frontier after the Arab conquest of Sindh in 712. Mandore, Jalore and the Marwar-Malwa belt belonged to the zone from which Pratihara influence expanded. Their rise gave later Rajput houses a political frame rather than an empty beginning.

The tripartite struggle for Kannauj involved the Pratiharas, Palas of Bengal and Rashtrakutas of the Deccan. Vatsaraja entered this contest but was checked by Dhruva Rashtrakuta around 786. Nagabhata II again tried to recover the balance around 800, when Govinda III struck north India. Mihir Bhoja, ruling about 836-885, made Kannauj a major centre and used Adivaraha coinage with Vaishnava symbolism.

For exams, remember that Osian, Mandore and Abaneri preserve the Pratihara-age connection between political power, temple patronage and western Indian circulation.

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