Delimitation of constituencies for Lok Sabha and State Assemblies is done by:

Explanation

Delimitation is not a routine act of the Election Commission or a political resolution of Parliament. The ECI procedure note states that, after the relevant constitutional amendments, Parliament enacted the Delimitation Act, 2002 and entrusted the delimitation tasks to the Delimitation Commission set up under section 3 of that Act. The Commission began functioning from 04.07.2002, with a former Supreme Court judge as chairperson and the Election Commissioner of India and the State Election Commissioner concerned as ex-officio members. Its process produces final orders for Assembly and Parliamentary constituencies, which are published in the Gazette, come into force by presidential notification, and cannot be modified by Parliament or the State Assembly. The MCQ's core point is therefore the independent statutory Commission, not the Election Commission acting alone.

Why the other options are wrong

• (B) The Election Commissioner of India is an ex-officio member of the Delimitation Commission, but the delimitation task is entrusted to the Commission set up under the Delimitation Act, not to the Election Commission directly.
• (C) The President's role comes after final orders are published, by notifying the date from which they come into force; the President does not delimit constituencies on the Prime Minister's advice.
• (D) Parliament enacts the Delimitation Act, but the final delimitation orders are prepared by the Commission and, once laid before Parliament and the State Assembly, cannot be modified by them.

Concept

This tests the constitutional machinery for elections, especially the statutory body that redraws Parliamentary and Assembly constituencies. It recurs in RAS because delimitation links representation, census-based allocation and the independence of electoral institutions.

Source

• Election Commission of India

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