Q1. In which language was the first issue of the journal 'Ghadar' published?
Explanation
The first issue of the journal Ghadar was published in Urdu by the Ghadar Party in 1913. The paper aimed to mobilise Indians abroad against British rule and later appeared in other languages to reach wider migrant communities. Punjabi became closely associated with the movement because many members were Punjabi emigrants, but it was not the language of the first issue. Marathi and Gujarati were important Indian languages with reformist and nationalist print cultures, yet they were not the language in which the first Ghadar issue appeared.
