MCQ
Biology MCQ - Practice Questions with Answers
Solve 3 Biology questions for RAS/RPSC preparation.
Practice questions
Q1Specimen P absorbs pre-digested nutrients only across its tegument and never forms a mouth-to-anus digestive tube. Specimen Q, from the same phylum, is dorsoventrally flattened, solid between body wall and gut, and empties a blind digestive cavity through the single opening used for feeding. Which phylum houses both specimens rather than a coelomate complete-gut lookalike?
Gutless tegument absorption matches cestodes, while the flattened solid body with one gastrovascular opening matches other flatworms—together the Platyhelminthes package. Annelida and Nematoda keep complete guts and body cavities unlike these specimens; Cnidaria share a single opening but not the triploblastic parasitic tegument plan. Therefore both specimens belong to Platyhelminthes.
Q2Laboratory notes on human protein digestion record two constraints: (1) gastric peptide-bond cleavage stops if parietal acid secretion is blocked, even though chief-cell secretions continue; (2) the pancreatic proteolytic cascade fails to start in the gut lumen if duodenal mucosa is absent, even though pancreatic juice still arrives. Which option names the active proteases whose appearance depends on notes (1) and (2), respectively?
Note (1) isolates the acid-activated gastric protease: pepsinogen becomes pepsin only in parietal acid. Note (2) isolates the duodenal-mucosa step: enterokinase converts trypsinogen to trypsin, which then starts the pancreatic cascade. Carbohydrate or fat enzymes and later proteases such as chymotrypsin or carboxypeptidase do not satisfy both notes. The ordered pair is therefore Pepsin ; Trypsin.
Q3Two clinic dossiers must be micronutrient-matched without mixing near-miss deficiency diseases. Case X shows foamy Bitot spots on the bulbar conjunctiva with poor dark adaptation after months without liver, eggs, or dark-green leafy vegetables. Case Y shows warm extremities, tachycardia, and high-output cardiac failure with peripheral neuropathy after exclusive polished-rice feeding. Which option assigns the deficient micronutrient for Case X and Case Y, in that order?
Bitot spots with impaired dark adaptation after lack of animal liver and dark leafy vegetables mark vitamin A deficiency in the xerophthalmia spectrum. Exclusive polished-rice feeding with high-output cardiac failure and neuropathy marks thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. Riboflavin, niacin, and pyridoxine produce different clinical packages. The ordered pair is therefore Vitamin A ; Thiamine (vitamin B1).
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