India-Africa bilateral trade crossed the $100 billion milestone in the financial year 2024–25, nearly doubling from $56 billion recorded in 2019–20 — making India the third-largest trading partner of Africa after China ($280+ billion) and the European Union. The milestone was highlighted in November 2025 by Minister of State for External Affairs Kirti Vardhan Singh at the 20th India-Africa Business Conclave in New Delhi. Key exports from India to Africa include: pharmaceuticals, machinery, cotton textiles, engineering goods, and petroleum products. Africa exports crude oil, minerals, gold, and agricultural commodities to India. India has deepened engagement through the India-Africa Forum Summit (IAFS) framework, launched in 2008. The partnership is significant as Africa — with 54 nations and a combined GDP of over $3 trillion — is increasingly seen as a strategic partner for India's Global South diplomacy. Rajasthan's marble, handicraft, and textile industries have emerging export linkages with East and West African markets. The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), operational since 2021, is expected to further enhance trade opportunities.