Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman and Israeli Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich signed a Bilateral Investment Agreement (BIA) in New Delhi on September 8, 2025. Israel becomes the first OECD member state to sign a BIT with India under its new investment treaty framework. The agreement covers innovation, infrastructure, financial regulation, and digital services. Current bilateral trade stands at approximately USD 4 billion annually. The treaty is aimed at providing greater certainty and legal protection to investors from both countries and is expected to significantly boost cross-border investments.