The University Grants Commission (UGC) notified new regulations on January 13, 2026, to address caste-based discrimination in higher education institutions (HEIs) across India, replacing the outdated 2012 anti-discrimination regulations. The final rules correct several major gaps identified in the draft version by including Other Backward Classes (OBCs) among protected categories alongside Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, significantly strengthening enforcement mechanisms, and removing the controversial penalty clause for filing false complaints that had been criticised by student organisations and civil rights groups.

Key provisions of the new regulations include mandatory establishment of anti-discrimination cells in all HEIs, comprehensive training programmes for faculty and staff on caste sensitivity and inclusiveness, a structured complaints mechanism with time-bound resolution within 90 days, and strict penalties for institutions failing to comply with the regulations. The regulations also mandate annual reporting to UGC on the number and nature of discrimination complaints received and their resolution status, creating a national database of caste discrimination incidents in higher education.

The UGC Chairman stated that these regulations represent a significant step toward ensuring equal opportunity and dignity for all students in Indian universities. The regulations apply to all universities, deemed universities, and colleges receiving UGC funding. Institutions must constitute their anti-discrimination cells within 60 days and submit compliance reports to the regional UGC offices. Non-compliant institutions risk withholding of grants and derecognition proceedings.