The Supreme Court of India on November 7, 2025, urgently listed detailed arguments on November 11 addressing the legality of the Special Intensive Revision (SIR) exercise conducted by the Election Commission of India (ECI) ahead of the Bihar Assembly elections. The SIR, notified on June 24, 2025, required all voters to fill fresh forms for inclusion in the electoral roll, with those whose names were not in the 2003 voter lists needing additional documentary proof — the first such intensive revision in Bihar since 2003. Petitions filed by the Association for Democratic Reforms (WP Civil 640/2025) and others challenged the exercise as arbitrary and potentially disenfranchising millions. The Court had previously allowed the ECI to continue the SIR but directed acceptance of Aadhaar cards, voter ID cards, and ration cards as valid documents. Critics argue the SIR disproportionately affects migrants and marginalised communities, while the ECI maintains it is essential for electoral roll integrity.