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Structure of BNS 2023
2.1 Chapter-wise Organisation
The BNS is organised in 20 Chapters (compared to IPC's 23 chapters):
| Chapter | Subject | Key Offences |
|---|---|---|
| I | Preliminary | Definitions |
| II | General explanations | Punishment types including community service |
| III | Punishments | Death, life imprisonment, community service |
| IV | General exceptions | Private defence, necessity, insanity |
| V | Abetment and criminal conspiracy | S.45–61 |
| VI | Offences against the State | Terrorism (S.113), sovereignty (S.152) |
| VII | Offences relating to Army | — |
| VIII | Organised crime, petty organised crime | S.111–112 (NEW) |
| IX | Offences affecting human body | Murder (S.103), rape (S.63–70) |
| X | Offences affecting property | Theft (S.303), robbery (S.309), dacoity (S.310) |
| XI | Documents and property marks | Cheating, forgery |
| XII–XX | Various specific offences | — |
2.2 Key Statistics
| Feature | IPC 1860 | BNS 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Sections | 511 | 358 |
| New offences added | — | 21 |
| Modified offences | — | 41 |
| Removed provisions | — | ~19 |
| Community service | Not present | New punishment |
| Organised crime | No standalone provision | Section 111 |
| Terrorism | No IPC provision | Section 113 |
| Hit-and-run | Section 304A (general) | Section 106(2) specific |