CORE Pollution as a measurable environmental pressure
Pollution means an undesirable change in air, water, soil, noise or radiation conditions that harms health, ecosystems or materials. A pollutant can be primary, such as sulphur dioxide from fuel combustion, or secondary, such as ground-level ozone formed through sunlight-driven reactions. Particulate matter is tracked as PM10 and PM2.5, while water clarity can be expressed through turbidity in nephelometric turbidity units. The Central Pollution Control Board air-quality scale places the AQI range 101-200 in the Moderate category, a recurring measurement anchor for Indian city questions. Rajasthan makes the idea concrete: Jaipur under NCAP is monitored through a clean-air action frame, while Bhiwadi industrial air pollution issue shows how industrial fuel, dust and transport sources can combine in an NCR-linked cluster.