Economy of Rajasthan — agriculture, industry, infrastructure and major schemes

Rajasthan's agriculture is shaped by arid and semi-arid climate, uneven rainfall and large regional variation between the canal-irrigated north-west, the eastern plains, the Hadoti plateau and the southern tribal belt. Agriculture and allied activities matter in the state economy because they support rural employment, livestock income, agro-processing and demand for transport, storage and credit. Objective questions usually test the relation between climate and crop choice: drought-tolerant kharif crops dominate dry areas, while irrigation supports wheat, cotton, sugarcane, vegetables and higher cropping intensity in selected belts.

The high-yield crop basket is direct. Bajra is the signature millet of western Rajasthan. Wheat is a major rabi crop in irrigated and better-watered districts. Mustard and rapeseed are strongly associated with Rajasthan's oilseed economy, especially in eastern and north-eastern areas. Gram, moth bean, moong and other pulses fit the dryland pattern. Cotton is important in canal and southern belts; maize is important in the south and south-east; barley, cumin, coriander, fenugreek, isabgol and garlic add exam value because Rajasthan is known for spices and seed spices. Livestock, dairy and animal husbandry must be read with farming, not separately, because they stabilise rural income where rainfall is uncertain.