Population, tribes, urbanisation and tourism of Rajasthan

Rajasthan’s demographic base is still read through Census 2011 because the next full census has not replaced it. The state recorded 6.85 crore people, about 5.66% of India’s population, while holding 10.41% of India’s land area. This explains the central contrast: Rajasthan is the largest state by area but its density was only 200 persons per sq km, far below the national 382. The western desert districts, especially Jaisalmer and Barmer, are sparse because of aridity and large district area, while the eastern plain and Jaipur region are much denser.

The 2001-2011 decadal growth was 21.31%, higher than the national 17.7%. Jaipur was the highest-population district at 66.26 lakh and Jaisalmer the lowest at 6.69 lakh; the same pair also frames density, with Jaipur at 598 per sq km and Jaisalmer at 17. The rural-urban split was 75.13% rural and 24.87% urban, so village society remains the larger setting for population questions.

Social indicators sharpen the MCQ pattern. Sex ratio was 928 females per 1000 males against the national 943, and child sex ratio was 888 against the national 919. Literacy was 66.11%, with male literacy 79.19% and female literacy 52.12%. Scheduled Castes formed 17.83% and Scheduled Tribes 13.48% of the state population.