REET Level 1 study notes
Disadvantaged and Deprived Learners — primary school inclusion under RTE 2009 and NCF 2005
Disadvantaged and deprived learners are children who face structural barriers to school education, including first-generation learners, children from agricultural labour or migrant families, slum and street children, girls from poor families, children with disabilities, and children from Scheduled Caste, Scheduled Tribe, and notified minority communities. The RTE Act 2009 protects free elementary education from Class I to Class VIII and, under Section 12(1)(c), provides 25 per cent entry-level reservation in unaided private schools for disadvantaged groups and weaker sections. NCF 2005 treats inclusion as the responsibility of the regular classroom teacher. In Classes I-V, the teacher accepts home language, gives reading support, links families to mid-day meal and anganwadi support, plans short revision sessions, and protects the child's dignity by avoiding public labels.
Key points
- RTE Section 12(1)(c) reserves 25 per cent of entry-level seats in unaided private schools for disadvantaged groups and weaker sections.
- RTE Act 2009 came into force on 1 April 2010 and protects free elementary education from Class I to Class VIII for ages six to fourteen.
- Disadvantage in primary classrooms appears as fatigue from malnutrition, vocabulary trouble from home-school language gap, absenteeism from work burden, and silence from caste-based discrimination.
- Inclusive primary teaching accepts home language, scaffolds worksheets in steps, links families to mid-day meal and anganwadi support, and protects dignity by avoiding public labels.
- NCF 2005 Section 1.4 places the responsibility of inclusion on the regular classroom teacher, not on a separate special-education track.
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Disadvantaged and deprived learners are children who face structural barriers to school education, including first-generation learners, children from agricultural labour or migrant families, slum and street children, girls from poor families, children with disabilities, and children from Scheduled Caste, Scheduled Tribe, and notified minority communities. The RTE Act 2009 protects free elementary education from Class I to...