REET Level 1 study notes
Phonology, Spelling and Pronunciation for Primary English
In REET Level 1, phonology, spelling and pronunciation focus on English sounds, the graphemes that represent them, spelling patterns and classroom strategies for Classes I to V. A phoneme is the smallest sound unit, while a grapheme is the letter or letter group on the page; English has more phonemes than letters, so digraphs such as `sh` and trigraphs such as `igh` are necessary. Primary phonics follows the order ear, mouth, eye, hand: children listen to sounds in rhymes, stories and speech before writing spellings. Teachers must combine phonics with sight-word recognition and give Hindi-medium learners extra listening practice for English sounds absent from Hindi, such as the short `a` in `cat`.
Key points
- Phonemes are the smallest units of sound; graphemes are the letters or letter groups that represent them on the page.
- English has more phonemes than letters, so digraphs like "sh" and trigraphs like "igh" fill the gap in spelling.
- Primary phonics is oral-readiness-first: ear, mouth, eye, hand — listening before writing.
- Hindi-medium learners need extra listening practice for English sounds absent from Hindi, like the short "a" in "cat".
- Sight words and phonics work together; high-frequency irregulars like "the" are taught as whole-word recognition.
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Study focus
In REET Level 1, phonology, spelling and pronunciation focus on English sounds, the graphemes that represent them, spelling patterns and classroom strategies for Classes I to V. A phoneme is the smallest sound unit, while a grapheme is the letter or letter group on the page; English has more phonemes than letters, so digraphs such as `sh` and trigraphs such as `igh` are necessary. Primary phonics follows the order ear, mouth,...