RAS question
Which problems have emerged due to IGNP irrigation?
Correct answer: (D) Waterlogging and soil salinity.
IGNP irrigation has led to waterlogging and soil salinity in its command areas, especially in parts of Hanumangarh and Ganganagar.
Explanation
The issue is a classic side effect of canal irrigation in an arid command area. IGNP has produced waterlogging and soil salinity in command areas, particularly in parts of Hanumangarh and Ganganagar. The District Environment Plan, Hanumangarh supports the mechanism: irrigation water in the district is supplied through canal systems including Indira Gandhi Nahar Pariyojana, and the development of this canal network has made the area water-rich, leading to waterlogging in some parts. The same plan records serious salinity conditions in Hanumangarh, including areas with high salinity and unsuitable irrigation water. Therefore, the environmental problem linked to IGNP irrigation is not atmospheric or seismic; it is excess water accumulation and salt build-up in soils and groundwater.
Why the other options are wrong
- (A) Air pollution is not the problem identified here; IGNP command-area impacts point to waterlogging and salinity.
- (B) Earthquakes are not described as an outcome of IGNP irrigation; the relevant environmental effects relate to canal-water accumulation and salinity.
- (C) Deforestation is not the stated consequence here; the relevant canal-irrigation impacts are waterlogging and soil salinity.
Concept
This tests the environmental impact of canal irrigation in Rajasthan's arid and semi-arid regions. RAS repeats this theme because IGNP is a major Rajasthan geography topic where benefits of irrigation are often asked along with command-area problems.