The Twelfth Schedule of the Constitution lists how many functions for Municipalities?

Explanation

The Twelfth Schedule, read with Article 243W, sets out 18 functional items for Municipalities. These cover the ordinary working domain of urban local bodies, including urban planning, regulation of land use, public health, water supply, fire services, urban forestry, slum improvement and public amenities. As of March 2011, eleven states had transferred all the 18 functions listed in the Twelfth Schedule to urban local bodies. For Municipalities, the constitutional schedule count is 18, while Panchayat functions belong to a separate schedule-based framework.

Why the other options are wrong

• (A) 22 is wrong because the Twelfth Schedule count for Municipalities is fixed at 18 functional items, not 22.
• (C) 29 is wrong here because 29 functions are associated with the Eleventh Schedule for Panchayats, not the Twelfth Schedule for Municipalities.
• (D) 11 is wrong because the official count for Twelfth Schedule municipal functions is 18, not 11.

Concept

Urban local self-government under Article 243W and the Twelfth Schedule is a core part of decentralisation and urban governance. Municipal functions therefore recur in RAS preparation.

Source

• Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs

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