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RAS question

The Sangam Age Three Crowned Kings (Muvendhar) were:

Correct answer: (B) Chera, Chola, Pandya.

The Sangam Age Muvendhar, or Three Crowned Kings, were the Chera, Chola and Pandya rulers.

  1. (A)

    Pallava, Chola, Pandya

  2. (B)

    Chera, Chola, Pandya

  3. (C)

    Chalukya, Rashtrakuta, Chola

  4. (D)

    Satavahana, Chola, Chera

Explanation

The Muvendhar were the three major Tamil ruling houses associated with the Sangam Age: the Cheras, Cholas and Pandyas. They belong to the Sangam period, roughly 300 BCE to 300 CE, with capitals at Vanji or Karur for the Cheras, Uraiyur or Puhar for the Cholas, and Madurai for the Pandyas. The Tamil Virtual Academy page on Purananooru supports this identification directly: while discussing Poem 112, it says the Muventhar were the Chera, Chozha and Pandya kings. That is why option B is the only set that matches the traditional Three Crowned Kings; the other options introduce dynasties or rulers outside this Sangam Tamil triad.

Why the other options are wrong

  • (A) Pallava does not belong to the Sangam Age Muvendhar triad; the triad is Chera, Chola and Pandya.
  • (C) Chalukya and Rashtrakuta are later dynasties, so this set does not match the Sangam Tamil Three Crowned Kings.
  • (D) Satavahana refers to Deccan rulers, not one of the three Tamil Muvendhar named for the Sangam Age.

Concept

This tests the basic political map of the Sangam Age: identifying the three Tamil kingdoms rather than mixing them with later or non-Tamil dynasties. It recurs in RAS because ancient Indian history questions often check dynasty-period matching through compact terms such as Muvendhar.

Source

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