The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) was established in:

Explanation

The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) was established on 12 October 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, so 1993 is the correct year. Because it was created by an Act of Parliament rather than directly by a constitutional provision, it is a statutory body, not a constitutional body. The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 was amended by the Protection of Human Rights (Amendment) Act, 2019. After the 2019 amendment, a retired Supreme Court judge, in addition to a retired Chief Justice of India, can hold the post of chairperson.

Why the other options are wrong

• (A) 2000 cannot be the correct answer because the NHRC had already been established on 12 October 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.
• (B) 1990 cannot be the correct answer because the NHRC was established on 12 October 1993.
• (D) 1996 cannot be the correct answer because the NHRC had already been established on 12 October 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.

Concept

In Indian polity, it is important to distinguish a statutory body created by an Act from a constitutional body created directly by the Constitution. RAS questions on establishment years and legal bases test this distinction.

Source

• National Human Rights Commission, India

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