RAS question
The 'National Green Tribunal (NGT)' of India was established in which year?
Correct answer: (B) 2010.
The National Green Tribunal of India was established on 18 October 2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010.
Explanation
The National Green Tribunal was established on 18 October 2010 under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010. Its core purpose was to give India a specialised forum for effective and expeditious disposal of cases connected with environmental protection, conservation of forests and other natural resources, and enforcement of legal rights relating to the environment. This makes 2010 the relevant year for the MCQ, not merely because the Act carries that year, but because the Tribunal itself was set up on that date under that Act. The official NGT account also stresses that the Tribunal is designed for multi-disciplinary environmental disputes and is guided by natural justice rather than ordinary civil-procedure rigidity.
Why the other options are wrong
- (A) 2005 is wrong because the National Green Tribunal Act was not enacted then; the Tribunal was established under the 2010 Act.
- (C) 2015 is too late because the NGT had already been established on 18 October 2010 and was meant to handle environmental disputes from that framework.
- (D) 2000 predates the NGT because the specialised tribunal came only with the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010.
Concept
This tests institutional mechanisms for environmental governance, especially statutory bodies created for environmental adjudication. It recurs in RAS because environment questions often ask both the legal basis and the purpose of key Indian environmental institutions.