RAS question
The Mangarh Hill massacre of Bhil tribals led by Govind Guru took place in which year?
Correct answer: (D) 1913.
The Mangarh Hill massacre of Bhil tribals led by Govind Guru took place on 17 November 1913 at Mangarh Hill in Banswara, Rajasthan.
Explanation
The year is 1913 because the PIB background identifies 17 November 1913 as the date of the Mangarh firing. Mangarh Hill, in Banswara, was a major site for the Bhil community and other tribes of Rajasthan, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh. Under Shri Govind Guru's leadership, Bhils and other tribes had gathered there during a long stand-off with the British. Britishers opened fire on the gathering, leading to the Mangarh Massacre, in which approximately 1500 tribals were martyred. For RAS, the date matters because it fixes Mangarh as an early twentieth-century tribal freedom-struggle episode, not a post-1919 nationalist protest.
Why the other options are wrong
- (A) 1907 is too early; the verified PIB account dates the Mangarh gathering and firing to 17 November 1913.
- (B) 1919 is too late for this event, as the Mangarh Massacre took place six years earlier, on 17 November 1913.
- (C) 1921 does not match the chronology; the Mangarh firing under Shri Govind Guru is recorded as a 1913 event.
Concept
This tests Rajasthan's tribal movements and freedom-struggle history, especially Bhil resistance under Govind Guru. It recurs in RAS because dates, leaders and locations of Rajasthan-specific mass movements are frequent factual anchors.