RAS question
The Election Commission of India is established under which Article?
Correct answer: (D) Article 324.
The Election Commission of India is established under Article 324 of the Constitution of India, which vests in it the superintendence, direction and control of elections.
Explanation
Article 324 is the constitutional basis of the Election Commission of India. The official Constitution text states that the superintendence, direction and control of the preparation of electoral rolls, and the conduct of elections to Parliament, every State Legislature, and the offices of President and Vice-President, are vested in a Commission referred to as the Election Commission. That is why Article 324 is the correct answer, not merely because it names an institution, but because it gives that institution the core election-management authority. The Election Commission was established on 25 January 1950, the date observed as National Voters' Day.
Why the other options are wrong
- (A) Article 338 is not about election administration; it establishes the National Commission for Scheduled Castes.
- (B) Article 315 does not establish the Election Commission; it establishes the Union Public Service Commission.
- (C) Article 280 concerns the Finance Commission, so it belongs to fiscal federalism rather than the conduct of elections.
Concept
This tests constitutional bodies under Indian Polity, especially the article-based location of institutions and their functions. It recurs in RAS because Election Commission powers, independent institutions and constitutional articles are standard prelims material.