The Doldrums refer to:

Explanation

The Doldrums refer to the equatorial low-pressure belt, not to a high-pressure or mid-latitude storm zone. In this belt, strong heating over the equatorial region warms the air and makes it rise, producing low pressure. NIOS describes this zone as extending around the equator and notes the virtual absence of surface winds; only convectional currents operate there, which is why it is called the Doldrums, or the zone of calm. Winds from the subtropical high-pressure belts converge here, giving the belt its other name, the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone. Light, variable winds, convectional uplift, clouds and heavy rainfall all fit this low-pressure convergence setting.

Why the other options are wrong

• (A) A temperate cyclone zone belongs to the mid-latitudes, whereas the Doldrums are tied to the equatorial low-pressure belt.
• (B) The subtropical high-pressure belt is identified with the horse latitudes, while the Doldrums are an equatorial low-pressure calm belt.
• (D) A polar high-pressure region forms in polar areas, but the Doldrums are located around the equator where low pressure develops.

Concept

This tests the world-geography concept of global pressure belts and planetary wind circulation. It recurs in RAS because terms such as Doldrums, ITCZ and horse latitudes are standard identifiers for matching pressure belts with wind conditions.

Source

• National Institute of Open Schooling, Senior Secondary Geography, Lesson 11: Pressure and Winds

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