RAS question
The Chera dynasty was primarily based in:
Correct answer: (D) Kerala.
The Chera dynasty was primarily based in present-day Kerala, while also ruling parts of western Tamil Nadu.
Explanation
The Cheras belong to the Sangam-age political history of the ancient Tamil country, which covered the modern states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala. The Cheras, along with the Cholas and Pandyas, were among the three major ruling houses, and the Cheras ruled most of Kerala and western Tamil Nadu from Vanchi and Karur. Kerala is therefore the most accurate present-day location for the Chera base. The Cheras are also linked to Vanji and to the spice trade with the Roman Empire through the Malabar Coast; eGyanKosh, Block 3: Early Historic Societies: 6th Century B.C. to 4th Century A.D. supports the broader Indo-Roman trade context and identifies Muziris, near the mouth of the Periyar, as the famous Chera port.
Why the other options are wrong
- (A) Karnataka does not fit because the Chera base was in present-day Kerala and western Tamil Nadu, while Karnataka is associated with Chalukya territory.
- (B) Tamil Nadu is too broad as the primary location because the Cheras are tied mainly to Kerala with only western Tamil Nadu included, while Tamil Nadu is associated chiefly with Chola and Pandya territory.
- (C) Andhra Pradesh is wrong because Andhra is associated with the Satavahanas, not with the Chera base in Kerala and western Tamil Nadu.
Concept
The Sangam-age map of south Indian dynasties centres on Cheras, Cholas and Pandyas. RAS repeatedly uses location-based dynasty mapping because one state or region often distinguishes otherwise similar ancient-history dynasties.