RAS question
National Green Tribunal (NGT) was established under:
Correct answer: (A) NGT Act 2010 for effective disposal of environmental disputes.
The National Green Tribunal was established under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 for the effective and expeditious disposal of environmental cases.
Explanation
Option A is right because the official India Code text identifies the law as the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 and describes it as an Act for establishing the National Green Tribunal for effective and expeditious disposal of cases on environmental protection, conservation of forests and other natural resources, and enforcement of legal rights relating to the environment. Section 3 provides for a tribunal known as the National Green Tribunal to exercise the jurisdiction, powers and authority conferred by the Act. This matches the exam explanation: the NGT hears matters linked to major environmental statutes such as the Environment (Protection) Act, Water Act, Air Act, Forest (Conservation) Act and Biological Diversity Act, with its principal bench at Delhi and circuit benches at Bhopal, Pune, Kolkata and Chennai.
Why the other options are wrong
- (B) A type of food has no connection with the statutory creation of a tribunal for environmental cases.
- (C) A weather phenomenon may be an environmental topic, but it is not the legal instrument under which the NGT was established.
- (D) A type of mining can generate environmental disputes, but it is not the Act that created the National Green Tribunal.
Concept
This tests Indian environmental governance, especially specialised statutory bodies and the legal route for environmental dispute resolution. It recurs in RAS because environment questions often link institutions with their parent Acts, jurisdiction and exam-relevant headquarters or benches.