RAS question
Jamshedpur is known as the 'Steel City of India' because of:
Correct answer: (D) Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO), the first integrated steel plant in India.
Jamshedpur is known as the Steel City of India because it houses Tata Steel's Jamshedpur plant, formerly TISCO, India's first integrated steel plant.
Explanation
Jamshedpur's steel-city identity comes from Tata Iron and Steel Company, now Tata Steel, not from a mine or an export label. TISCO was established at Jamshedpur in Jharkhand in 1907 by Jamsetji Tata and became India's first integrated steel plant. Tata Steel describes the Jamshedpur plant as the very first steel plant in India, with production beginning in 1912, and as one of the country's largest integrated steel-making facilities. Its location also matched classic industrial geography: proximity to iron ore in Singhbhum, coal in Jharia, manganese, water from the Subarnarekha and Kharkai rivers, and access to Kolkata port.
Why the other options are wrong
- (A) Jamshedpur had nearby raw-material advantages such as Singhbhum iron ore, but the city's identity is the steel plant, not the presence of India's largest iron ore mine inside the city.
- (B) Stainless steel exports are not given as the basis of Jamshedpur's name; the decisive reason is the Tata Steel/TISCO integrated steel plant located there.
- (C) An aluminium smelter would point to the aluminium industry, whereas the question asks about Jamshedpur's steel identity tied to TISCO/Tata Steel.
Concept
This tests the industrial-location part of Indian Geography, especially why early iron and steel plants developed near raw materials, water, transport and markets. It recurs in RAS because steel plants such as Jamshedpur, Bhilai, Rourkela, Durgapur and Bokaro are standard map-linked economic geography examples.