RAS question
Bangar and Khadar are two sub-types of which soil found in eastern Rajasthan?
Correct answer: (B) Alluvial soil.
Bangar and Khadar are the old and new alluvial sub-types of alluvial soil found in eastern Rajasthan.
Explanation
Bangar and Khadar belong to alluvial soil, not to black, red, or desert soil. In eastern Rajasthan, including Bharatpur, Alwar, and Sawai Madhopur, alluvial soil is divided into Bangar and Khadar. NCERT supports the core classification: alluvial soils are described by age as old alluvium, called Bangar, and new alluvium, called Khadar. This distinction matters because Bangar represents the older upland alluvium, while Khadar is newer flood-plain alluvium. Khadar is finer and more fertile, renewed by annual floods, and therefore productive for crops such as wheat and rice.
Why the other options are wrong
- (A) Black soil, or regur, is not classified into Bangar and Khadar; those terms are used for old and new alluvial soil.
- (C) Red soil is identified through features such as iron-related colour and leaching, so the Bangar-Khadar age distinction does not apply to it.
- (D) Desert soil is associated with sandy texture and low moisture, whereas Bangar and Khadar refer to alluvial deposits.
Concept
Rajasthan soil classification requires a clear distinction between soil type and sub-type. Eastern Rajasthan's alluvial belt is a standard RAS geography fact linked to agriculture and riverine plains.