Article 79 states that Parliament consists of:

Explanation

Article 79 defines the constitutional composition of Parliament for the Union. It does not describe Parliament as only the two elected or legislative Houses; it expressly includes the President along with the two Houses. The two Houses are named in the Constitution as the Council of States and the House of the People, commonly known as the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha. Therefore, the complete Article 79 formulation is President plus Rajya Sabha plus Lok Sabha. This is why option D is right: it captures all three constitutional components and avoids the common error of treating Parliament as only Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.

Why the other options are wrong

• (A) It omits the President, although Article 79 expressly includes the President as part of Parliament.
• (B) It includes the President and Lok Sabha but leaves out the Council of States, which Article 79 names as one of the two Houses.
• (C) It adds the Vice-President, but Article 79 lists the President and the two Houses, not the Vice-President, as the components of Parliament.

Concept

This tests the Polity syllabus area on constitutional offices and the structure of Union Parliament. It recurs in RAS because Article 79 is a precise-text provision where one omitted office changes the answer.

Source

• India Code: The Constitution of India

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