Article 11 of the Constitution empowers:

Explanation

Article 11 is the Constitution's saving clause for Parliament's law-making power on citizenship. The official text says that nothing in the earlier provisions of Part II takes away Parliament's power to make provisions on the acquisition and termination of citizenship, as well as all other matters relating to citizenship. That is why the answer is Parliament, not an executive or judicial authority. This power is linked to the Citizenship Act, 1955, which was enacted under Article 11. So the article does not itself list every citizenship rule; it preserves Parliament's competence to frame those rules through law.

Why the other options are wrong

• (A) Article 11 speaks of Parliament's power to make law on citizenship, not of the President personally granting citizenship.
• (B) The article is about legislative power over citizenship, not the Supreme Court's role in deciding citizenship disputes.
• (D) Article 11 vests the citizenship law-making power in Parliament, so state governments are not the authority identified by this provision.

Concept

This tests Part II of the Constitution and the allocation of law-making power over citizenship. It recurs in RAS because citizenship provisions often turn on the precise constitutional authority named in the article.

Source

• The Constitution of India, Legislative Department, Government of India

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