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Video-Conferencing and Digital Provisions

Bharatiya Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita 2023 (BNSS) — Definitions & Key Sections

Paper III · Unit 3 Section 9 of 15 0 PYQs 25 min
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Video-Conferencing and Digital Provisions

8.1 Video-Conferencing for Trials

BNSS Section 530: Courts can use video-conferencing for:

  • Recording evidence of witnesses (especially experts, elderly, disabled)
  • Conducting remand/bail hearings
  • Trial proceedings when physical presence is difficult
  • Recording statements of victims of sexual offences (to avoid trauma of courtroom appearance)

Significance: Reduces case delays caused by witness non-appearance; reduces logistical burden of producing undertrial prisoners in court for routine hearings; especially beneficial for COVID-type situations.

8.2 Electronic Evidence and Records

Alignment with Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA 2023): BNSS aligns with BSA which modernises evidence law:

  • CCTV footage, mobile recordings, and computer records are admissible with proper certification
  • Electronic FIR is legally equivalent to physical FIR
  • Digital signatures on documents are recognised

8.3 Electronic Summons

Section 70: Summons can be served electronically (email, SMS, WhatsApp with proper authentication) — previously only physical service was recognised. This speeds up legal process for cases where accused/witnesses have known electronic contacts.