Public Section Preview
Glossary
| Term | Definition | Law/Year |
|---|---|---|
| Intellectual Property | Creations of the mind with legal protection | General |
| IPR | Legal rights over intellectual creations | General |
| Copyright | Protection of original expression of ideas | Copyright Act 1957 |
| Moral Rights | Author's right to claim authorship and object to distortion | Sec. 57 |
| Fair Dealing | Acts not infringing copyright (research, criticism, education) | Sec. 52 |
| Patent | Exclusive right to exploit invention for 20 years | Patents Act 1970 |
| Novelty | Invention must be new — first condition of patentability | — |
| Inventive Step | Non-obvious advance — second condition of patentability | — |
| Industrial Applicability | Must be usable in industry — third patentability condition | — |
| Evergreening | Filing new patents for minor drug modifications to extend monopoly | Sec. 3(d) |
| Section 3(d) | Bars patents on new drug forms without enhanced efficacy | Patents Act |
| Compulsory Licensing | Govt-authorised production of patented product without consent | Sec. 84–92 |
| Trademark | Sign identifying commercial source of goods/services | Trade Marks Act 1999 |
| Passing Off | Using another's brand to deceive consumers | Common law |
| Registered Mark ® | Trademark registered under Trade Marks Act | — |
| Geographical Indication | Product's link to specific geographical origin | GI Act 1999 |
| Industrial Design | Protection of aesthetic/ornamental product features | Designs Act 2000 |
| Trade Secret | Confidential business info providing competitive edge | No standalone act |
| TRIPS | WTO's minimum IPR standards agreement (1994) | WTO |
| WIPO | UN specialised agency for global IP protection (Geneva) | 1967/1974 |
| Berne Convention | International copyright treaty (1886) | — |
| Paris Convention | International industrial property treaty (1883) | — |
| PCT | Patent Cooperation Treaty — single international patent filing | 1970 |
| Madrid Protocol | International trademark registration system | 1989/India 2013 |
| Public Domain | Works no longer protected by IP; freely usable | — |