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Quick Revision Table
| Concept | Key Fact | RPSC Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| Administrative Behavior | Simon 1947 — decision-making core of admin | Behavioral PA foundation |
| Barnard — Leadership | Functions of Executive 1938 — communication + purpose | Human relations |
| Trait Theory | Stogdill 1948 — no universal trait profile | First leadership theory |
| Ohio State Studies | 1945–50 — Initiating Structure + Consideration | Behavioral leadership |
| Likert's System 4 | Participative-Group — highest performance | Ideal leadership style |
| Managerial Grid | Blake-Mouton 1964 — 9×9; 9,9 = Team (ideal) | 5-mark comparison |
| Fiedler's Contingency | 1967 — task-oriented vs relationship-oriented; situational favourableness | Situational theory |
| Path-Goal Theory | House 1971 — 4 styles: directive, supportive, participative, achievement | Situational theory |
| Hersey-Blanchard | 1969 — M1 (Telling) → M4 (Delegating) | Situational + delegation |
| Transformational Leadership | Burns 1978 — vision beyond self-interest | Reform leadership |
| Communication Directions | Downward, Upward, Horizontal, Diagonal | 2-mark definition |
| Bavelas Networks (1950) | Wheel (fast/simple), All-channel (complex/creative) | 5-mark specific Q |
| Grapevine | Keith Davis 1953 — faster than formal; fills information vacuum | Informal communication |
| Morale vs Motivation | Morale = group; Motivation = individual | 2-mark distinction |
| Esprit de Corps | Fayol — team spirit; symptom and cause of high morale | Definition Q |