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Glossary Terms
| Term (EN) | Definition | Exam Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| Voting Behavior | Patterns of how individuals decide whether and how to vote | Topic definition |
| Anti-Incumbency | Voters punishing ruling party for governance failures; strong in India | 5/10-mark |
| EVM | Electronic Voting Machine; standalone; BEL + ECIL; nationwide since 2004 | 5-mark |
| VVPAT | Voter Verified Paper Audit Trail; paper slip showing candidate voted for; nationwide 2019 | 5-mark |
| NOTA | None of the Above; reject all candidates; no impact on result; from 2013 | 5-mark |
| Model Code of Conduct | ECI convention restricting government actions during election period | 5-mark |
| Electoral Bonds | Anonymous political funding instruments; struck down as unconstitutional 2024 | 5/10-mark |
| FPTP | First Past The Post; candidate with most votes wins; India's LS/Assembly system | Context |
| PRSTV | Proportional Representation with Single Transferable Vote; Rajya Sabha/President | Context |
| RPA 1950 | Deals with electoral rolls and delimitation | 5-mark |
| RPA 1951 | Deals with election conduct, corrupt practices, election disputes | 5-mark |
| Delimitation | Redrawing of constituency boundaries by Delimitation Commission | Context |
| Delimitation Commission | Ad hoc commission for constituency boundary redrawing (after each census) | Context |
| EPIC | Elector's Photo Identity Card; primary voting document | Context |
| MCC | Model Code of Conduct — ECI convention binding on parties and candidates | 5-mark |
| Article 324 | Constitutional basis of Election Commission of India | 5-mark |
| One Nation One Election | Proposal to hold LS + State Assembly elections simultaneously | 5/10-mark |
| Kovind Committee | Ram Nath Kovind chaired; 2024 report on simultaneous elections | 5-mark |
| cVIGIL | ECI app for reporting MCC violations with geotagged evidence | Context |
| Paid News | Political content published as news after payment without disclosure | 5-mark |
| MCMC | Media Certification and Monitoring Committee — pre-certifies political ads | Context |
| Flying Squad | ECI team for election expenditure monitoring and MCC enforcement | Context |
| State Election Commission | Article 243K body managing Panchayat/ULB elections | Context |