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Quick Revision Table
| Item | Key Detail | Exam Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| Identity politics definition | Mobilization based on caste/religion/gender/tribe | 5-mark |
| Mandal Commission | B.P. Mandal; 27% OBC reservation; 1980 report; 1990 implementation | 5/10-mark |
| "Mandir vs Mandal" | BJP Ram Mandir + V.P. Singh OBC reservation — simultaneous 1990 | Context |
| PDA coalition (2024 UP) | Pichhra-Dalit-Alpasankhyak; SP; 37 seats UP LS 2024 | Current affairs |
| Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam | 106th Constitutional Amendment, 2023; 33% women reservation LS + assemblies | 5/10-mark |
| Operative from | After next delimitation (post-census, ~2028) | 5-mark |
| Women in Lok Sabha 2024 | 74 out of 543 = 13.6% | 5-mark |
| India's IPU rank (2024) | 148th globally for women in parliament | 5-mark |
| World average women in parliament | 26.9% (IPU 2024) | Context |
| Panchayat women reservation | 33% (73rd Amendment); many states raised to 50% | 5-mark |
| Rajasthan panchayat women quota | 50% (since 2015) | Raj context |
| Sarpanch Pati problem | Male relatives governing via women proxies | 5-mark |
| AI deepfakes in elections | ECI guidelines 2024; must disclose AI-generated content | Current affairs |
| WhatsApp users India | 500+ million (2025) | AI/digital context |
| Congress System | Rajni Kothari; 1952–67 one-party dominance | Context |
| BSP Social Engineering | Dalit+OBC+Muslim+upper caste — UP 2007 majority | Context |
| Draupadi Murmu | India's first tribal woman President (2022) | Role model |
| SHG (Self-Help Groups) | 10 crore+ women members; political school at grassroots | 5/10-mark |
| NRLM | National Rural Livelihoods Mission (2011) — organises SHGs | Context |