District-Wise Distribution of Key Minerals

3.1 The Aravalli Belt — Primary Metallic Zone

The Aravalli mountain range, running NE–SW from Delhi to Gujarat through Rajasthan, hosts the state's most significant metallic mineral deposits. The Precambrian rocks (Aravalli Supergroup, Delhi Supergroup) constitute the primary host rocks.

District	Key Minerals	Major Mines / Sites
Udaipur	Lead-Zinc, Rock Phosphate, Marble, Copper traces, Silver	Zawar (Pb-Zn), Jhamarkotra (Phosphate), Makrana-type marble
Rajsamand	Silver, Lead-Zinc, Marble	Sindesar Khurd (Ag), Rajpura-Dariba (Pb-Zn), Marble quarries
Bhilwara	Lead-Zinc, Mica, Garnet, Silver	Agucha mine (world's largest Zn mine), Rajpura-Dariba
Jhunjhunu	Copper	Khetri Copper Belt (Kolihan, Chandmari, Banwas) — HCL
Sirohi	Wollastonite, Marble, Limestone	India's sole Wollastonite producer
Dungarpur	Manganese, Fluorite, Wollastonite	Smaller-scale deposits
Banswara	Manganese	Minor manganese deposits
Ajmer / Bhilwara	Garnet, Mica, Feldspar	Tonk-Sawai Madhopur garnet belt

Source: Rajasthan Economic Review 2025-26, Chapter 5; Geological Survey of India (GSI) Reports

Agucha Mine (Bhilwara): Operated by HZL, the Agucha mine is among the world's largest zinc mines by reserve and production. It produces zinc concentrate shipped to Chanderiya and Debari for smelting. The multi-metal complex (lead + zinc + silver) makes it one of India's most valuable mineral assets.

3.2 The Desert Zone — Non-Metallic Dominance

Western Rajasthan (Thar Desert region) hosts vast sedimentary deposits of non-metallic industrial minerals:

District	Key Minerals
Bikaner	Gypsum, Lignite, Ball Clay, Fuller's Earth
Nagaur	Gypsum, Limestone, Salt, Marble (Makrana)
Barmer	Gypsum, Rock Salt, Ball Clay, Heavy Crude Oil
Jaisalmer	Limestone (yellow), Natural Gas, Salt, Fossil Wood
Jodhpur	Sandstone (buff/pink — "Jodhpur Stone"), Limestone
Hanumangarh / Sri Ganganagar	Gypsum, Rock Salt

Jodhpur Sandstone is India's premier building sandstone, used in the Parliament House complex, Red Fort restoration, and exported globally. The stone derives its distinctive buff-pink colour from iron oxide content.

Kota Stone: Kota district produces the famous Kota stone — a fine-grained limestone with unique bluish-green colour used as flooring tiles. India exports Kota stone to the Gulf countries and Europe.

3.3 Eastern and Southern Rajasthan

Eastern Rajasthan (Alwar, Jaipur, Dausa) and southern districts (Chittorgarh, Kota, Bundi) have limestone, iron ore, and feldspar:

• Chittorgarh: Cement-grade limestone (feeds the large Shree Cement, Ambuja Cement, and ACC plants); iron ore at Jaipur-Neemkathana.
• Kota: Kota stone, dolomite, limestone.
• Alwar: Feldspar, quartz, mica — feeds ceramics and glass industries.
• Jaipur: Quartz, feldspar, iron ore (Neem ka Thana zone), ochre.

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