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Glossary Terms
| Term (EN) | Definition | Exam Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| LAN | Local Area Network — within a building/campus | Network types |
| IPv6 | 128-bit internet addresses; unlimited capacity | Networking |
| 5G | 5th gen mobile network; 20 Gbps; <1 ms latency | Telecom |
| DNS | Domain Name System — translates domain names to IP addresses | Internet infrastructure |
| AI (Artificial Intelligence) | Simulation of human cognitive functions by machines | AI 2/5-mark |
| Machine Learning | AI subset; systems learn from data without explicit programming | ML 5-mark |
| Deep Learning | ML using multi-layer neural networks; image/NLP tasks | AI deep dive |
| LLM (Large Language Model) | Neural network trained on massive text to generate language | ChatGPT, PYQ 2023/24 |
| Big Data | Massive datasets characterised by 5 Vs | Big data 5-mark |
| Cloud Computing | Internet-delivered computing resources on demand (IaaS/PaaS/SaaS) | Cloud 5-mark |
| Edge Computing | Data processing near source (<5 ms latency); IoT enabler | IoT/Edge |
| IoT | Network of physical objects with sensors and internet connectivity | IoT 5-mark |
| Blockchain | Distributed ledger; chain of cryptographically linked blocks | Blockchain 5-mark |
| Smart Contract | Self-executing code on blockchain (Ethereum) | Blockchain applications |
| CBDC | Central Bank Digital Currency — digital fiat issued by central bank | Digital Rupee 5-mark |
| Digital Rupee (e₹) | India's CBDC issued by RBI; launched Nov-Dec 2022 | PYQ 2024 — 2-mark |
| VR (Virtual Reality) | Fully immersive computer-generated environment via headset | VR/AR 5-mark |
| AR (Augmented Reality) | Digital overlay on real world (Pokémon Go, Google Maps AR) | VR/AR 5-mark |
| OTT | Over-The-Top; internet-delivered media bypassing traditional TV | OTT 2/5-mark |
| IT Rules 2021 | India's social media + OTT governance rules under IT Act 2000 | Social media 5-mark |
| Proof of Work (PoW) | Bitcoin's consensus mechanism; energy-intensive mining | Blockchain |
| Proof of Stake (PoS) | Ethereum's consensus (post-2022); validators stake crypto; 99.9% less energy | Blockchain |
| Generative AI | AI creating new content (text, images, code) — GPT-4, Gemini, DALL-E | AI 5-mark |
| Web 3.0 | Decentralised, blockchain-based internet; user-owned data | Web evolution |
| Turing Test | 1950, Alan Turing; machine passes if indistinguishable from human | AI history |
Sources: RPSC Mains PYQ 2013–2024; RPSC 2026 Official Syllabus; TRAI India 5G data; RBI CBDC reports; OpenAI GPT-4 technical report; EU AI Act 2024; IT Rules 2021 (MeitY); GSMA Mobile Economy India 2024; IETF IPv6 documentation; W3C/Tim Berners-Lee CERN 1989.