Public Section Preview
Quick Revision Table
| Item | Key Data |
|---|---|
| WTO Established | 1 January 1995 (GATT successor) |
| WTO HQ | Geneva, Switzerland |
| WTO Members | 166 (as of 2024) |
| WTO DG | Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala (Nigeria) — since March 2021 |
| GATT Rounds | 8 rounds (1947-1994); Uruguay Round produced WTO |
| Doha Round | Launched November 2001; stalled since 2008 |
| MFN Principle | GATT Article I — non-discrimination between members |
| National Treatment | GATT Article III — no discrimination once goods enter |
| AB Crisis | All 7 seats vacant; US blocking appointments since 2019 |
| MPIA | 53 members' alternate appeals mechanism (US absent) |
| India-WTO Conflict | Solar Cells DCR (DS456); Food security stockholding |
| IMF Established | Bretton Woods 1944; Operational March 1947 |
| IMF HQ | Washington D.C. |
| IMF Members | 190 |
| IMF MD | Kristalina Georgieva (Bulgaria) — since October 2019 |
| India IMF Quota | SDR 13,114.4 million (2.75% — 13th largest) |
| SDR Basket | USD 43.38%, EUR 29.31%, RMB 12.28%, JPY 7.59%, GBP 7.44% |
| 2021 SDR Allocation | SDR 456.5 billion ($650 billion) — India got $17.86B |
| Indian IMF Borrowing | 1981 ($5.8B EFF); 1991 gold pledge; no programme since 1993 |
| World Bank Group | 5 institutions: IBRD, IDA, IFC, MIGA, ICSID |
| World Bank HQ | Washington D.C. |
| World Bank President | Ajay Banga (Indian-American) — since June 2023 |
| IBRD vs IDA | IBRD: middle-income; IDA: 74 poorest; India on IBRD since 2014 |
| IDA 20 Replenishment | $93 billion (2022) — largest ever |
| India IBRD Portfolio | ~$25 billion active (2024) |
| AIIB | Founded 2016; Beijing; 109 members; India 8.52% (3rd largest) |
| NDB | Founded 2014; Shanghai; 9 members; India $13B+ loans |
| G20 India Presidency | 2022-23; Theme: Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam |