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History

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British Policies: Political, Economic, Administrative Unification

Paper I · Unit 1 Section 9 of 10 0 PYQs 29 min

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Battle of Plassey 1757; Robert Clive vs Siraj-ud-Daulah; EIC becomes political power in Bengal
Diwani of Bengal 1765; Treaty of Allahabad; Shah Alam II → EIC revenue rights over Bengal-Bihar-Orissa
Permanent Settlement 1793, Cornwallis; Bengal/Bihar/Orissa; fixed revenue with zamindars permanently
Subsidiary Alliance 1798, Wellesley; Hyderabad 1798, Mysore 1799, Awadh 1801
Doctrine of Lapse Dalhousie 1848–56; Satara 1848, Jhansi 1853, Nagpur 1854
First Indian Railway 16 April 1853; Bombay to Thane, 21 miles; Lord Dalhousie
Macaulay's Minute 1835; English education; "Indian in blood but English in intellect"
Indian Penal Code 1860 (enacted); drafted by Macaulay's Law Commission (1838)
Drain of Wealth Dadabhai Naoroji (1901); £12–30M/year; Home Charges drain theory
Government of India Act 1858 Transfer from EIC to Crown; Secretary of State; Viceroy
Morley-Minto Reforms 1909; limited elections + separate Muslim electorate (seeds of communalism)
Montagu-Chelmsford 1919; Dyarchy in provinces; simultaneous ICS exams from 1922
Partition of Bengal 1905, Curzon; reversed 1911; triggered Swadeshi Movement
TISCO founded 1907, Jamshedji Tata; Jamshedpur; India's first major indigenous steel plant
Surendranath Banerjee Passed ICS 1869; dismissed; founded Indian Association 1876 — first national political body