RAS Mains Paper II: Ethics, Science & Technology, Geography
Paper II of RPSC RAS Mains has 3 units — Administrative Ethics (65 marks), General Science & Technology (70 marks), and Earth Science/Geography (65 marks).
Paper II — At a Glance
Administrative Ethics
Part A — Ethics, Values & Philosophy
Ethics & human values: lessons from leaders, reformers, administrators
Family, society, educational institutions in value inculcation
Rit & Rin from Karmavada, duty, good, virtue concepts
Ethics in public/private relationships; integrity, impartiality, non-partisanship
Liberal society: transparency, media, bureaucracy
Bhagavad Gita ethics and administration
Gandhian ethics
Moral thinkers & philosophers (India and world)
AI vs. conscience in administrative decision making
Social justice, humanitarian concerns, accountability, instrumental vs value rationality
Non-factual case studies
General Science & Technology
Part A — Science Fundamentals & Emerging Technology
Chemistry: atomic structure, metals/non-metals, ores/alloys, acids/bases/pH, drugs, pesticides, carbon compounds, fuels, radioactivity, green chemistry
Physics: motion, work/power/energy, gravitation, light, heat, electricity, magnetism, sound, EM waves, medical diagnostics, nuclear fission/fusion, radiation safety
Biology: cell, plant parts, plant nutrition/reproduction, human physiology, food/nutrition, immunity/diseases, microbes, fermentation, biotech/genetic engineering, GMO ethics, vaccines/CRISPR/mRNA, artificial organs
Computer science: networking, telecom, AI/ML, big data, cloud/edge computing, IoT, blockchain, digital currency, VR/AR, OTT, social media
Indian science: scientists' contributions, institutions, robotics, nanotechnology, quantum computing, government policies, Digital India, cyber security, data privacy
Space & defence: Indian space programme, satellites, launch vehicles, remote sensing, missiles, drone tech, chemical/biological weapons
Earth Science (Geography & Geology)
Part A — World Physical Geography
Earth interior, geological time scale
Mountains, plateaus, plains, deserts: types & distribution
Earthquakes and volcanoes: types, distribution, impact
Climate: insolation, atmospheric circulation, humidity, precipitation
Major environmental issues
Part B — Indian Geography
Physiography of India
Drainage pattern, rivers of India
Climate of India: monsoon, rainfall distribution, climatic regions
Natural resources of India: water, vegetation, soil, minerals, power
Population of India: growth, distribution, density, sex-ratio, literacy
Part C — Rajasthan Geography
Physiography, rivers, lakes of Rajasthan
Climatic characteristics and classification of Rajasthan
Natural vegetation, wildlife, biodiversity of Rajasthan
Soil resources of Rajasthan
Agriculture of Rajasthan: major crops, production, distribution
Mineral resources of Rajasthan: types, distribution, industrial uses
Demographic characteristics, tribes of Rajasthan
UNESCO Geo-parks and geo-heritage sites potential of Rajasthan
Tourism in Rajasthan
Practice Paper II Questions
Answer-writing practice on Ethics, Science & Technology, and Geography with AI evaluation.
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