Economy
427 key terms for this subject — each defined in plain language, with where it helps in the exam and a link to the study note it comes from.
- Academic Bank of Credits
NEP 2020 — stores academic credits; enables multiple entry-exit from college programmes
Where it helps NEP 2020 feature
Read the study note →- AIIB
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (2016) — 109 members; China 26.6%; India 8.52%
Where it helps China-led institution
Read the study note →- Annual Financial Statement
Constitutional name of the Union Budget under Art. 112
Where it helps Budget basics 2-mark
Read the study note →- AoA
Agreement on Agriculture — disciplines subsidies, market access; India's food security battle
Read the study note →- Appellate Body (AB)
WTO's 7-member appellate tribunal — dysfunctional (0/7 seats) since 2019
Where it helps AB crisis — key 2026 Q
Read the study note →- ARC
Asset Reconstruction Company — buys NPAs at discount; ARCIL is largest
Read the study note →- Article IV Consultation
IMF's annual economic health check for each member country
Where it helps IMF surveillance
Read the study note →- ASHA
Accredited Social Health Activist — 10.4 lakh community health workers under NHM
Read the study note →- Ayushman Bharat
World's largest government-funded health insurance scheme — ₹5 lakh/family, 55 crore beneficiaries
Where it helps Most likely PYQ 2026
Read the study note →- Basel Norms
International capital adequacy framework — Basel III requires 8% CRAR; India mandates 9%
Where it helps Banking regulation
Read the study note →- Bretton Woods
1944 conference that created IMF and World Bank; established post-WWII monetary order
Where it helps Historical context
Read the study note →- Capital Expenditure
Expenditure that creates assets — infrastructure, equity investments
Where it helps Capex multiplier
Read the study note →- Capital Receipts
Borrowings, disinvestment, loan recoveries; creates liability or reduces assets
Where it helps Receipts classification
Read the study note →- CBDC / Digital Rupee
Central Bank Digital Currency — RBI liability; sovereign digital money; pilot Nov 2022
Where it helps 2024-style questions
Read the study note →- Charged Expenditure
Expenditure not subject to Parliament's vote — President's salary, debt charges
Where it helps Budget procedure
Read the study note →- Common Framework
G20 framework for sovereign debt restructuring for low-income distressed countries
Where it helps Global debt crisis
Read the study note →- Consolidated Fund
All government revenues and expenditures — Art. 266; no withdrawal without Parliament
Where it helps Constitutional finance
Read the study note →- Contingency Fund
₹500 crore emergency fund — Art. 267; President's disposal; post-facto Parliament approval
Where it helps Constitutional finance
Read the study note →- Crowding Out
Government borrowing raising interest rates and reducing private investment
Where it helps Fiscal deficit impact
Read the study note →- CRR
% of deposits held as cash with RBI — currently 4%; earns no interest
Where it helps Monetary tools PYQ
Read the study note →- CUET
Common University Entrance Test — standardised entrance for central universities (from 2022)
Where it helps NEP implementation
Read the study note →- Disguised Unemployment
More workers than needed for a task — marginal productivity near zero; common in Indian agriculture
Where it helps Unemployment types
Read the study note →- Divisible Pool
Gross tax revenue minus cesses/surcharges — shared 41% with states
Where it helps Centre-State finance
Read the study note →- Doha Round
WTO multilateral trade negotiation launched 2001 Doha — stalled since 2008
Where it helps Trade negotiations
Read the study note →- DSB
Dispute Settlement Body — WTO's judicial arm; Panels + Appellate Body
Where it helps WTO adjudication
Read the study note →- EBLR
External Benchmark Lending Rate — repo-linked; mandatory for retail/MSME loans since 2019
Where it helps Monetary transmission
Read the study note →- Effective Revenue Deficit
Revenue deficit minus grants for capital asset creation
Where it helps Deficit refinement
Read the study note →- Escape Clause
Provision in FRBM allowing FD to exceed target by 0.5% during emergencies
Read the study note →- FEMA
Foreign Exchange Management Act 1999 — replaced FERA; RBI enforces
Where it helps Forex management
Read the study note →- Finance Commission
Constitutional body (Art. 280) recommending Centre-State revenue distribution
Read the study note →- Fiscal Consolidation
Process of reducing fiscal deficit over time — India from 9.2% (2020-21) to 4.4% (2025-26)
Read the study note →- Fiscal Deficit
Total expenditure minus non-borrowing receipts; the government's borrowing requirement
Where it helps Most tested concept
Read the study note →- Fiscal Multiplier
Ratio of GDP change to change in fiscal stimulus — capex multiplier 2.5–3x
Where it helps Capex justification
Read the study note →- FRBM Act
Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act 2003 — mandates fiscal discipline
Where it helps Fiscal consolidation
Read the study note →- GATS
General Agreement on Trade in Services — 4 modes; Mode 4 = movement of persons
Where it helps India's IT exports
Read the study note →- GATT
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (1947) — WTO predecessor; 8 negotiating rounds
Read the study note →- GER
Gross Enrolment Ratio — enrolled students as % of age group; HE: 28.4% (2021-22)
Where it helps Education indicator
Read the study note →- GST Council
Art. 279A body — Centre + States; cooperative tax governance
Read the study note →- Horizontal Devolution
Distribution of states' share among individual states based on criteria
Read the study note →- IBC 2016
Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code — 180-day corporate insolvency resolution via NCLT
Read the study note →- IBRD
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development — World Bank's core lending arm
Where it helps WB Group structure
Read the study note →- IDA
International Development Association — World Bank's concessional arm for 74 poorest; India graduated 2014
Where it helps WB Group structure
Read the study note →- IFC
International Finance Corporation — private sector arm of World Bank Group
Where it helps WB private sector
Read the study note →- IMF
International Monetary Fund — 190 members; BoP support, surveillance, technical assistance
Where it helps Core institution
Read the study note →- IMR
Infant Mortality Rate — 27 per 1,000 live births (SRS 2022); target <12 by 2030
Where it helps Health indicator
Read the study note →- Inflation Targeting
Monetary policy framework targeting CPI at 4% ± 2% (since Aug 2016)
Read the study note →- Input Tax Credit (ITC)
Credit for GST paid on business inputs — eliminates cascading
Read the study note →- Jal Jeevan Mission
Piped water to rural households — 15.05 crore of 19.28 crore HH (78%, 2025)
Read the study note →- JAM Trinity
Jan Dhan + Aadhaar + Mobile — financial inclusion framework
Where it helps Social sector linkage
Read the study note →- MFN Principle
Most Favoured Nation — trade concession to one member must apply to all
Where it helps WTO core principle
Read the study note →- MGNREGS
Mahatma Gandhi NREGS — 100 days guaranteed rural employment; ₹86,000 crore budget
Where it helps Employment PYQ 2018/21
Read the study note →- MIGA
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency — political risk insurance for FDI
Read the study note →- MMR
Maternal Mortality Ratio — 97 per 1 lakh live births (SRS 2018-20); target <70 by 2030
Where it helps Health indicator
Read the study note →- MPC
6-member body (3 RBI + 3 external) deciding repo rate; meets 6x/year
Read the study note →- MPI
Multidimensional Poverty Index — 3 dimensions, 12 indicators; India 11.28% (2022-23)
Where it helps Poverty PYQ 2026
Read the study note →- MPIA
Multi-Party Interim Appeal Arbitration — 53 WTO members' AB alternative
Where it helps AB crisis solution
Read the study note →- Narasimham Committee
1991 and 1998 committees on financial reforms — basis of modern Indian banking regulation
Where it helps Historical reforms
Read the study note →- National Treatment
Foreign goods treated no less favourably than domestic goods once in market
Read the study note →- NCLT
National Company Law Tribunal — adjudicating authority under IBC
Read the study note →- NDB
New Development Bank (BRICS Bank, 2016) — 9 members; India $13B+ loans
Where it helps BRICS institution
Read the study note →- NEP 2020
National Education Policy 2020 — 5+3+3+4 structure; 50% HE GER target; mother-tongue instruction
Where it helps Key education reform
Read the study note →- NFSA 2013
National Food Security Act — 81.35 crore beneficiaries; 5 kg free grain/month (PMGKAY merged Jan 2024)
Read the study note →- NHM
National Health Mission — umbrella for NRHM + NUHM; community health through ASHAs
Read the study note →- NPA
Loan where principal/interest overdue >90 days — classified sub-standard, doubtful, loss
Read the study note →- OMO
Open Market Operations — RBI buys/sells G-Secs to manage liquidity
Where it helps Liquidity management
Read the study note →- ONORC
One Nation One Ration Card — PDS portability for migrant workers across India
Read the study note →- OOP Expenditure
Out-of-pocket health expenditure — 47% of India's total health spending; major poverty driver
Read the study note →- PCA Framework
Prompt Corrective Action — restricts weak banks on dividends/lending/branching
Where it helps Bank supervision
Read the study note →- Peace Clause
WTO protection for India's food security subsidies pending permanent MSP solution
Where it helps India key interest
Read the study note →- PLFS
Periodic Labour Force Survey (NSSO) — measures LFPR, WPR, Unemployment Rate quarterly (urban)
Where it helps Labour data source
Read the study note →- PM-KISAN
₹6,000/year direct transfer to 11 crore+ farmer families (3 installments)
Read the study note →- PMAY
PM Awas Yojana — affordable housing urban (1.18 crore sanctioned) + rural (2.55 crore built)
Read the study note →- PMEGP
PM Employment Generation Programme — credit-linked subsidy for micro enterprises; 64 lakh units
Where it helps Employment creation
Read the study note →- PMGKAY
PM Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana — free grain during COVID; merged with NFSA from January 2024
Read the study note →- PMJDY
PM Jan Dhan Yojana — 54 crore accounts; zero-balance; RuPay card
Where it helps Financial inclusion
Read the study note →- Primary Deficit
Fiscal deficit minus interest payments — measures current fiscal effort
Read the study note →- Priority Sector Lending
40% of ANBC must go to priority sectors — agriculture (18%), micro enterprises (7.5%)
Read the study note →- Repo Rate
Rate at which RBI lends overnight to banks against G-Sec collateral — policy's primary tool
Where it helps Core monetary policy
Read the study note →- Revenue Deficit
Revenue expenditure minus revenue receipts — measures current account imbalance
Read the study note →- Revenue Expenditure
Expenditure that creates no asset — salaries, interest, subsidies
Where it helps Expenditure PYQ 2021
Read the study note →- Revenue Receipts
Tax + non-tax income; creates no liability
Where it helps Receipts classification
Read the study note →- Reverse Repo / SDF
Rate at which banks park excess funds with RBI — SDF (5.75%) replaced reverse repo in Apr 2022
Where it helps Interest rate corridor
Read the study note →- SARFAESI Act
2002 — allows banks to auction secured assets without court; speeds NPA recovery
Read the study note →- Scale-Based Regulation
2021 RBI framework classifying NBFCs into Base/Middle/Upper/Top layers
Read the study note →- SDR
Special Drawing Right — IMF reserve asset; basket of 5 currencies; 2021 $650B allocation
Where it helps 5-mark PYQ topic
Read the study note →- SFB
Small Finance Bank — serves underbanked; 12 SFBs (AU, Equitas, Ujjivan etc.)
Where it helps Differentiated banking
Read the study note →- Sinking Fund
Government fund for debt repayment — Consolidated Sinking Fund
Read the study note →- SLR
% of deposits held in liquid assets (G-Secs) — currently 18%; earns interest
Read the study note →- Tendulkar Poverty Line
Consumption basket approach; ₹33.3/day urban, ₹27.2/day rural (2011-12)
Where it helps Poverty measurement
Read the study note →- TFA
Trade Facilitation Agreement — 2017; simplifies customs; reduces trade costs 14.3%
Read the study note →- TRIPS
Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights — 20-year patent minimum; India's Section 3(d)
Read the study note →- Ujjwala Yojana
Free LPG connections to BPL women — 10.33 crore connections
Read the study note →- UPI
Unified Payments Interface — 17.4 billion transactions (March 2025); NPCI system
Where it helps Digital payments
Read the study note →- Vertical Devolution
Centre-to-States share allocation from divisible pool
Where it helps FC horizontal/vertical
Read the study note →- Ways and Means Advance
Short-term RBI credit to government for within-year cash flow mismatches
Read the study note →- WEO
World Economic Outlook — IMF semi-annual global growth publication
Read the study note →- WTO
World Trade Organization — 166-member body governing international trade rules since 1995
Where it helps Core institution
Read the study note →- 10 Sankalps
Ten thematic priorities of Viksit Rajasthan 2047: renewable energy, agriculture, industry, tourism, etc.
Where it helps Organises Economic Review 2024-25 thematic chapters
Read the study note →- 15th Finance Commission
Constitutional body (Chairman: N.K. Singh) determining Centre-state fiscal transfers 2021-26
Where it helps Rajasthan share: 5.979% of divisible pool
Read the study note →- 2nd Administrative Reforms Commission
2005-2009 commission that identified 6 core attributes of good governance
Where it helps Transparency, accountability, participation, etc.
Read the study note →- 5G
5th generation mobile network; launched India October 2022
Read the study note →- 6th State Finance Commission (SFC)
Rajasthan's state body (Article 243-I) recommending devolution to PRIs and ULBs for 2020-25
Where it helps ₹621.07 crore transferred; 37,394 works (2024-25)
Read the study note →- 73rd Constitutional Amendment
1992 amendment inserting Part IX and 11th Schedule granting constitutional status to PRIs
Where it helps Foundation of Panchayati Raj; 29 subjects, 3-tier structure
Read the study note →- ABHA (Ayushman Bharat Health Account)
Digital health ID for citizens to store medical records; 6.20 crore IDs generated in Rajasthan
Where it helps Rajasthan Digital Health Mission cornerstone
Read the study note →- Absolute Advantage
Produce more with same inputs than another country (Adam Smith)
Read the study note →- ADB (Asian Development Bank)
Manila-based multilateral bank; funds RUSDIP (Rajasthan Urban Sector Development Investment Programme)
Where it helps Urban infrastructure, road projects
Read the study note →- Advance Estimate (AE)
Preliminary estimate of GSDP released before financial year end for budget planning
Where it helps Source for 2024-25 data; published by DES, Rajasthan
Read the study note →- AIF (Agricultural Infrastructure Fund)
₹1 lakh crore fund for post-harvest infrastructure
Read the study note →- Amrit Station Scheme
Railway Ministry scheme for redevelopment of major stations; 85 Rajasthan stations (₹4,500 crore total)
Where it helps Jaipur Junction ₹500 crore+ upgradation
Read the study note →- Anganwadi
Village-level child and mother welfare centre under ICDS; provides nutrition, health, and early education
Where it helps 16.18 lakh children (3-6 yrs) covered
Read the study note →- Animal Husbandry
Rearing of livestock including cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, camel, poultry
Where it helps Rajasthan: 10.60% national livestock; #1 wool, #2 milk
Read the study note →- Annapurna Rasoi
Subsidised meal scheme — 891 active kitchens; ₹8/thali for beneficiaries (₹22 govt subsidy)
Where it helps Food security initiative; rural and urban coverage
Read the study note →- Anuprati Coaching Scheme
Free coaching for SC/ST/OBC/EWS/Minority students for competitive exams; 30,000 annual seats
Where it helps Merit-cum-income shortlisting
Read the study note →- APEDA
Promotes agricultural exports
Read the study note →- APMC
State-regulated mandi system for agricultural marketing
Read the study note →- Article 243-I
Constitutional provision mandating State Finance Commission for PRIs (every 5 years)
Where it helps 73rd Amendment; basis for Rajasthan's SFC series
Read the study note →- Article 243-Y
Constitutional provision mandating State Finance Commission for Urban Local Bodies
Where it helps 74th Amendment; complements SFC's PRI role
Read the study note →- ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist)
Community-level female health worker linking village households to public health system
Where it helps Key for IMR/MMR reduction, TB campaign
Read the study note →- Atmanirbhar Bharat
Self-reliant India; ₹20 lakh crore COVID-response package
Read the study note →- Ayushman Vay Vandana
Universal ₹5 lakh health cover for all Indians aged 70+; launched October 2024 by PM Modi
Where it helps 96.73 lakh cards issued by Dec 2025
Read the study note →- Bajra (Pearl Millet)
Drought-resistant coarse cereal; Rajasthan #1 national producer
Where it helps Symbol of Rajasthan's arid-zone agriculture
Read the study note →- Bamanwas Kankar
First fully organic-certified panchayat in Rajasthan and North-West India (January 2026)
Where it helps Alignment with PKVY and PM Pranam scheme
Read the study note →- Barmer-Sanchore Basin
Primary sedimentary basin in western Rajasthan producing crude oil and natural gas
Where it helps Block RJ-ON-90/1; Mangala, Bhagyam, Aishwarya fields
Read the study note →- Benami Transaction
Holding property in another's name to evade legal limits
Where it helps Banned 1988/2016
Read the study note →- Bhadla Solar Park
2,245 MW solar park in Jodhpur district; world's largest; built across 14,000 acres of Thar Desert
Where it helps PPA ₹2.44/kWh; RRECL-led
Read the study note →- Bhamashah Yojana
Predecessor to Jan Aadhaar (launched 2014); female-headed family ID with direct benefit transfers
Where it helps Jan Aadhaar improved upon it with CSS integration
Read the study note →- Bharatmala Pariyojana
₹5.35 lakh crore; 34,800 km NH development programme
Read the study note →- BharatNet
Optical fibre broadband to 2.5 lakh gram panchayats
Read the study note →- Bhilwara
India's "suiting capital" — 1 million+ spindles, 100,000+ power looms; major textile hub
Where it helps Rajasthan's largest synthetic textile cluster
Read the study note →- BoP (Balance of Payments)
Systematic record of all international economic transactions
Read the study note →- BOT (Build-Operate-Transfer)
PPP mode where private party builds and operates a project for a concession period, then transfers to government
Where it helps Common in Rajasthan toll roads
Read the study note →- CACP
Body recommending MSP; under Ministry of Agriculture
Read the study note →- CAD (Current Account Deficit)
Imports exceed exports in current account
Where it helps India: 0.7% GDP 2023–24
Read the study note →- Capability Approach
Amartya Sen's framework: development as expanding human freedoms
Read the study note →- Capital Account
BoP account for capital transfers and non-financial assets
Read the study note →- Capital Goods
Equipment used in production; India's heavy industry focus
Read the study note →- Capital Outlay
Government spending on asset creation (roads, buildings, equipment); productive investment
Where it helps Rajasthan: ₹26,646 crore, +34.6% (2023-24)
Read the study note →- Carbon Credit Trading Scheme
India's domestic carbon market mechanism
Read the study note →- Carbon Sink
Forest/ecosystem absorbing CO₂ from atmosphere
Read the study note →- CBDR
Common But Differentiated Responsibilities (climate justice principle)
Read the study note →- CCI
Competition Commission of India; prevents anti-competitive practices
Read the study note →- Central Transfers
Funds from Centre to states: devolution of divisible pool + grants-in-aid
Where it helps 15th FC: Rajasthan's share 5.979% of divisible pool
Read the study note →- Centre for SDGs Implementation
Rajasthan's dedicated SDG monitoring centre at DES, Yojana Bhawan, Jaipur (est. Sept 2017)
Where it helps State-level institutional mechanism for SDG tracking
Read the study note →- CEPA
Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (FTA+)
Read the study note →- CGTMSE
Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises — collateral-free credit up to ₹5 crore
Where it helps Reduces MSME credit access barriers in Rajasthan
Read the study note →- CM Kisan Samman Nidhi
Rajasthan state top-up of ₹3,000/yr to PM-KISAN beneficiaries
Where it helps Total ₹9,000/yr to farmers; ₹717.96 crore (Oct 2025)
Read the study note →- CM Krishak Mitra Yojana
Provides 3-phase agricultural electricity connections with 50% subsidy to groups of ≥11 farmers
Where it helps Launched 2023; reduces irrigation energy cost
Read the study note →- Committed Expenditure
Unavoidable revenue expenditure on salaries, pensions, and interest payments
Where it helps ~60% of Rajasthan's revenue expenditure; limits fiscal space
Read the study note →- Comparative Advantage
Specialise where opportunity cost is lowest (Ricardo 1817)
Read the study note →- Competition Amendment Act
Added settlement mechanism and deal-value threshold
Read the study note →- Consolidated Fund
All government revenues and borrowings — expenditures require legislative authorisation
Where it helps Article 266; basis of Rajasthan's budget appropriations
Read the study note →- Contingency Fund
Fund for unforeseen emergencies enabling executive spending pending legislature approval
Where it helps Article 267 (national); state equivalent for Rajasthan
Read the study note →- CPCB
National body setting pollution standards
Read the study note →- CSWRI Avikanagar
Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute; headquartered at Avikanagar, Tonk district
Where it helps Research hub for Rajasthan's #1 wool production
Read the study note →- Current Account
BoP account: goods, services, income, transfers
Read the study note →- DAY-NRLM
Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana — National Rural Livelihoods Mission for rural poverty reduction
Where it helps National framework; Rajivika is Rajasthan's implementation
Read the study note →- DBFOT
PPP concession model: private party designs, builds, finances, operates, then transfers; used for airports
Where it helps Jaipur T2 — Adani Airports DBFOT
Read the study note →- Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC)
Industrial corridor passing through 6 Rajasthan districts offering greenfield node development
Where it helps Alwar, Dausa, Kota, Chittorgarh, Sawai Madhopur, Bundi
Read the study note →- Developmental Expenditure
Expenditure on economic and social services that promote growth
Where it helps Rajasthan: ₹1,91,190 crore = 71% of total (2023-24)
Read the study note →- DFC (Dedicated Freight Corridor)
Separate high-speed freight railway; EDFC + WDFC
Where it helps Operational 2022
Read the study note →- DGFT
Implements FTP; issues export/import authorisations
Read the study note →- Digital Divide
Gap in access to digital technology between urban-rural, male-female, or rich-poor populations
Where it helps Rajasthan rural internet ~38% (TRAI 2024)
Read the study note →- Digital Health Mission
State initiative to digitise patient health records linked to ABHA IDs
Where it helps 6.20 crore ABHA IDs in Rajasthan
Read the study note →- Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT)
Scheme delivering government subsidies/benefits directly into beneficiary bank accounts
Where it helps Rajasthan: ₹3.14 lakh crore cumulative; 5.71 crore beneficiaries
Read the study note →- DISCOM
State electricity distribution company responsible for last-mile power delivery; in Rajasthan: AVVNL, JVVNL, JdVVNL
Where it helps Chronically loss-making; key policy issue
Read the study note →- Disinvestment
Reducing government equity stake in PSUs
Read the study note →- DMIC
1,483 km industrial corridor across 6 states
Read the study note →- DPDP Act 2023
Central legislation on digital personal data; requires consent, data principal rights, breach notification
Where it helps Compliance pending for Jan Aadhaar, E-Mitra
Read the study note →- DPIIT
Nodal dept for industry policy and FDI (formerly DIPP)
Read the study note →- E-Mitra
Rajasthan's single-window kiosk network; 55,000+ centres; 450+ government services
Where it helps All 50 districts covered
Read the study note →- e-NAM
Online trading platform integrating 1,361 mandis
Read the study note →- e-Shram Portal
MoLE's national database of unorganised workers seeded with Aadhaar for social security
Where it helps 1.43 crore unorganised workers registered in Rajasthan
Read the study note →- Eastern Rajasthan Canal Project (ERCP)
Modified Parbati-Kalisindh-Chambal project for water security in 17 eastern districts
Where it helps National Project (2023); 60:40 funding; 3.25 crore people
Read the study note →- ECB (External Commercial Borrowing)
Corporate overseas loans; part of financial account
Read the study note →- ECLGS
₹3 lakh crore guaranteed MSME loans during COVID
Read the study note →- Economic Review
Annual document published by DES, Rajasthan presenting state economic data
Where it helps 2024-25 edition reorganised into 10 Viksit Rajasthan chapters
Read the study note →- EHV Transmission Network
High-voltage grid (220 kV+) for bulk power transfer across long distances; Rajasthan: 44,638 ckt. km
Where it helps Critical for RE evacuation
Read the study note →- Eight Core Industries (ICI)
Coal, Oil, Gas, Refinery, Fertilizer, Steel, Cement, Electricity
Where it helps 40.27% IIP weight
Read the study note →- Environmental Degradation
Deterioration of environment through resource depletion/pollution
Read the study note →- Euro VI
Emission standard for vehicle fuels; ultra-low sulphur petrol and diesel
Where it helps Pachpadra Refinery will produce Euro VI compliant fuels
Read the study note →- Excise Revenue
State revenue from alcohol and intoxicants — major component of Rajasthan's OTR
Where it helps Second-largest own tax after SGST for Rajasthan
Read the study note →- EXIM Bank
India's trade finance bank; LOC provider
Read the study note →- Externally Aided Project (EAP)
Development project co-financed by international agencies (World Bank, ADB, JICA) at concessional rates
Where it helps 14 EAPs; ₹31,940 crore in Rajasthan
Read the study note →- FAME India Phase-II
EV adoption scheme; ₹10,000 crore
Read the study note →- FCI
Government agency for grain procurement and distribution
Read the study note →- FDI
Long-term investment with management control (≥10%)
Read the study note →- FDI (Foreign Direct Investment)
Investment by foreign entities in domestic companies/assets
Read the study note →- FEMA
Liberal forex management law replacing FERA
Read the study note →- FERA
Restrictive FDI/forex law; replaced by FEMA 2000
Read the study note →- Financial Account
FDI, FPI, ECBs, reserve assets
Read the study note →- Fiscal Deficit
Excess of total government expenditure over total receipts excluding borrowings
Where it helps Rajasthan: ₹65,580 crore = 4.31% of GSDP (2023-24)
Read the study note →- Fiscal Liabilities
Total outstanding debt of state government including internal debt and loans from Centre
Where it helps Rajasthan: ₹5,71,639 crore = 37.57% of GSDP (2023-24)
Read the study note →- Forest Rights Act 2006 (FRA)
Recognises individual and community forest rights of tribals and other forest dwellers
Where it helps Community rights in Rajasthan tribal districts
Read the study note →- Forex Reserves
RBI-held foreign currency, gold, SDRs
Where it helps $648B; April 2025
Read the study note →- FPI / FII
Short-term; stocks and bonds; no management control
Read the study note →- FPO
Farmer Producer Organisation for collective marketing
Read the study note →- FRBM Act (Rajasthan)
Rajasthan Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act, 2005 — sets fiscal targets
Where it helps Fiscal deficit target: 3% of GSDP; debt ceiling: 35% of GSDP
Read the study note →- Front-Runner (SDG)
NITI Aayog category for states scoring 65-99 on SDG composite index
Where it helps Rajasthan achieved Front-Runner status (67) in 2023-24
Read the study note →- FTA (Free Trade Agreement)
Agreement reducing tariffs between countries
Read the study note →- Fund Distribution Ratio
Proportion of devolved funds shared among GP, PS, and ZP
Where it helps Rajasthan: 75:20:5 (GP:PS:ZP) under 6th SFC
Read the study note →- GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
Total value of goods/services produced within a country in a year
Where it helps National accounts
Read the study note →- Gems and Jewellery
Leading Rajasthan export category; Jaipur is India's leading gem cutting centre
Where it helps Key export sector; ₹83,704 crore total exports (2023-24)
Read the study note →- Gender Parity Index (GPI)
Ratio of female to male enrolment/literacy; < 1 indicates female disadvantage
Where it helps Rajasthan female literacy 52.1% vs. male 79.2%
Read the study note →- GFCF — Registered Manufacturing
Gross Fixed Capital Formation in large-scale manufacturing; measures industrial investment
Where it helps Rajasthan: ₹32,838 crore (2023-24)
Read the study note →- GII (Gender Inequality Index)
UNDP measure of gender-based inequality
Read the study note →- GNP (Gross National Product)
GDP + net factor income from abroad
Where it helps National accounts
Read the study note →- GOBAR-dhan
Galvanising Organic Bio-Agro Resources Dhan — biogas from cattle dung; 11 projects in Rajasthan
Where it helps Circular economy in rural waste management
Read the study note →- Good Governance
Governance characterised by transparency, accountability, participation, rule of law, responsiveness, and effectiveness (2nd ARC: 6 attributes)
Where it helps Core topic for T038
Read the study note →- GovTech
Application of technology (AI, data analytics, platforms) to improve government service delivery
Where it helps iStart GovTech cohort 2024 (15 startups)
Read the study note →- Gram Panchayat (GP)
Village-level elected local government — basic unit of Panchayati Raj
Where it helps Rajasthan: 11,194 GPs (2024-25)
Read the study note →- Green GDP
GDP adjusted for environmental resource depletion
Read the study note →- Green Hydrogen
Hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water using renewable electricity; zero-carbon fuel
Where it helps RE Policy 2024 target: 2,000 KTPA
Read the study note →- Green Revolution
Agricultural transformation using HYV, fertilizers, irrigation
Read the study note →- Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP)
District-level measure of economic output at current or constant prices
Where it helps Jaipur ₹2,12,335 crore highest; Alwar highest PCI ₹2,40,808
Read the study note →- Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP)
Total market value of all final goods and services produced within Rajasthan in a financial year
Where it helps Core economic indicator; Rajasthan ₹17.04 lakh crore (2024-25)
Read the study note →- Gross Value Added (GVA)
Output measure for sectors; GSDP = GVA + taxes on products − subsidies on products
Where it helps Sectoral split: Agriculture 26.92%, Industry 27.16%, Services 45.92%
Read the study note →- GSVA (Gross State Value Added) — Agriculture
Agriculture's share in Rajasthan's gross value added
Where it helps 26.92% in 2024-25; well above national ~17%
Read the study note →- Guar (Cluster Bean)
Industrial legume; guar gum exports for oil drilling globally
Where it helps Rajasthan #1 producer; export commodity
Read the study note →- HAM (Hybrid Annuity Model)
PPP road model where government pays 40% during construction and rest as annuity; reduces traffic risk for developer
Where it helps Delhi-Mumbai Expressway (Rajasthan section)
Read the study note →- HDI (Human Development Index)
Composite index of life expectancy, education, GNI per capita
Read the study note →- Hindu Rate of Growth
Term for India's low pre-1991 GDP growth of ~3.5%
Where it helps Coined by Raj Krishna
Read the study note →- Hot Money
Volatile short-term FPI capital that reverses quickly
Read the study note →- Human Development Index (HDI)
UNDP composite index of life expectancy, education, and per capita income
Where it helps Rajasthan: 0.629, rank 27th among Indian states
Read the study note →- HYV Seeds
High Yielding Variety seeds at the core of Green Revolution
Read the study note →- ICDS (Integrated Child Development Services)
Central scheme providing nutrition, pre-school education, and health check-ups via Anganwadi centres
Where it helps 62,020 Anganwadi centres in Rajasthan
Read the study note →- IFMS (Integrated Financial Management System)
Digital platform integrating state budgeting, accounting, treasury, and payments for real-time tracking
Where it helps Financial governance transparency
Read the study note →- IGNOAPS
Central BPL elderly pension: ₹200/month (60-79 yrs) and ₹500/month (80+ yrs)
Where it helps Supplemented by Rajasthan state pension
Read the study note →- IIP (Index of Industrial Production)
Monthly indicator of industrial output by NSO
Read the study note →- Inclusive Growth
Growth benefiting all sections, reducing inequality
Read the study note →- India Stack
Digital public infrastructure (Aadhaar, UPI, DigiLocker)
Read the study note →- Indira Gandhi Nahar Pariyojana (IGNP)
Major canal from Harike barrage serving the Thar Desert — 5,719 villages, 39 towns
Where it helps Largest irrigation project in Rajasthan
Read the study note →- Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
Deaths of children under 1 year per 1,000 live births; key health development indicator
Where it helps Rajasthan IMR: 30.3 (NFHS-5), down from 41.3
Read the study note →- Installed Capacity
Total maximum power that all generators in a system can produce simultaneously, measured in MW/GW
Where it helps Rajasthan 26,325.19 MW (Dec 2024)
Read the study note →- IPCC
Scientific body assessing climate change evidence
Read the study note →- IPR 1956
Classified industries into A (PSU), B (mixed), C (private)
Read the study note →- iStart Rajasthan
State startup incubation programme; 5,500+ startups; DPIIT top-5 state 2023; GovTech cohort 2024
Where it helps Startup ecosystem support
Read the study note →- ITEC Programme
Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (training)
Read the study note →- IWAI
Inland Waterways Authority; 105 national waterways
Read the study note →- Jan Aadhaar
Rajasthan's single-family identity and DBT platform; 7+ crore beneficiaries; 175+ schemes integrated
Where it helps ₹78,300+ crore transacted
Read the study note →- Jan Soochna Portal
Rajasthan's proactive disclosure portal for 280+ schemes, 117+ departments (launched 2019)
Where it helps Transparency and accountability in local governance
Read the study note →- Jansunwai
Rajasthan's 3-tier grievance redressal system (GP, Sub-Divisional, District level)
Where it helps 99.8% disposal rate (2024)
Read the study note →- JICA
Japan's bilateral aid agency; provides most concessional ODA loans at 0.01–0.5% interest
Where it helps Rural water supply projects in Rajasthan
Read the study note →- JJM (Jal Jeevan Mission)
Central mission providing tap water connections to rural households; extended to December 2028
Where it helps Rajasthan: 59.61 lakh rural tap connections; fluoride mitigation
Read the study note →- JNPT
Largest container port; Navi Mumbai
Read the study note →- KCC (Kisan Credit Card)
Revolving crop loan at 4% interest
Read the study note →- KGBV (Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya)
Residential schools for girls from SC/ST/OBC/minority communities at upper primary level
Where it helps 342 KGBVs; 43,543 girl students in Rajasthan
Read the study note →- Kharif Season
Monsoon crop season (June-September); bajra, jowar, groundnut, soybean
Where it helps Major agricultural season for rain-fed Rajasthan
Read the study note →- Krishak Saathi Yojana
State scheme providing ₹5,000–₹2 lakh accident insurance cover to farmers
Where it helps Social protection for farming community
Read the study note →- Lado Protsahan Yojana
₹1,50,000 in 7 instalments (birth to graduation) for EWS girls; launched 1 August 2024
Where it helps ₹70,000 at age 21 as graduation bonus
Read the study note →- Land Ceiling
Maximum land any individual/family can hold
Read the study note →- Last-mile Service Delivery
Providing government services to the most remote and marginalised citizens through physical and digital channels
Where it helps E-Mitra's core purpose
Read the study note →- Licence Raj
System requiring multiple government licences for industry (pre-1991)
Read the study note →- LiFE Mission
India's pro-planet sustainable consumption initiative
Read the study note →- Literacy Rate
% of population (aged 7+) able to read and write with understanding in any language
Where it helps Rajasthan 66.1% (Census 2011); gender gap 27.1 pts
Read the study note →- Livestock GVA
Gross value added from animal husbandry, dairy, and fisheries
Where it helps Rajasthan ₹1.98 lakh crore (2024-25); exceeds crop GVA
Read the study note →- LOC (Line of Credit)
Concessional government-to-government loans for projects
Read the study note →- LPG Reforms
1991 economic reforms: Liberalisation, Privatisation, Globalisation
Read the study note →- LPI
World Bank Logistics Performance Index; India rank 38
Read the study note →- MAAY (Mukhyamantri Ayushman Arogya Yojana)
Rajasthan's flagship cashless health insurance — ₹25 lakh/family/year; formerly Chiranjeevi
Where it helps 1.33 crore families; ₹1,675 crore spent 2024-25
Read the study note →- Mahindra World City
Rajasthan's first Special Economic Zone at Jaipur (3,000+ acres); IT, auto components, apparel
Where it helps Model integrated township for industrial development
Read the study note →- Make in India
Policy to boost manufacturing to 25% of GDP
Read the study note →- Managed Float
Exchange rate set by market; RBI intervenes selectively
Where it helps India's current regime
Read the study note →- Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR)
Deaths of mothers per 1,00,000 live births during or after childbirth
Where it helps Rajasthan: 141 (SRS 2017-19) → 113 (2018-20)
Read the study note →- MGNREGS
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme — guarantees 100 days unskilled work
Where it helps Rajasthan: ₹7,676.98 crore, 53.28 lakh households (2024-25)
Read the study note →- MGNREGS (Rural Employment)
100 days guaranteed rural employment per household; 55%+ women beneficiaries in Rajasthan
Where it helps 53.28 lakh households covered 2024-25
Read the study note →- Micro-irrigation (PMKSY)
Drip and sprinkler irrigation reducing water use vs. flood irrigation
Where it helps 2024-25: 91,196 ha; ₹123.79 crore in Rajasthan
Read the study note →- MMSCM/day
Million Metric Standard Cubic Metres per day — measure of natural gas production
Where it helps Rajasthan natural gas: 3.50-3.70 MMSCM/day (Barmer + Jaisalmer)
Read the study note →- MMTPA
Million Metric Tonnes Per Annum — measure for oil and refinery throughput
Where it helps Rajasthan crude: 4.39 MMTPA; Pachpadra: 9 MMTPA
Read the study note →- Model Career Centre (MCC)
IT-enabled employment exchange providing career counselling, job matching, skill gap analysis
Where it helps 16 MCCs across Rajasthan districts
Read the study note →- MPI (Multidimensional Poverty Index)
UNDP-OPHI measure of poverty across 10 indicators
Read the study note →- MRTP Act
Anti-monopoly law; replaced by Competition Act 2002
Read the study note →- MSME
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises; defined by investment+turnover
Read the study note →- MSME Policy 2024
Rajasthan policy aligned with MSME Amendment Act 2020; cluster development, CGTMSE, PM Vishwakarma
Where it helps Key enabler for artisan and traditional industry growth
Read the study note →- MSP (Minimum Support Price)
Government floor price for 23 crops to protect farmers
Read the study note →- Mukhyamantri Jal Swavlamban Abhiyan
State water conservation programme benefiting 4,200+ villages through check dams, ponds
Where it helps Rajasthan-specific water harvesting scheme
Read the study note →- Mukhyamantri Kanyadan Yojana
Marriage assistance scheme for BPL/SC/ST girl marriages; cash support for wedding expenses
Where it helps Part of Rajasthan women welfare basket
Read the study note →- Mukhyamantri Nishulk Nirogi Rajasthan
Free OPD medicines and diagnostics scheme; 14.93 crore beneficiaries (up to Dec 2024)
Where it helps ₹1,221.76 crore expenditure
Read the study note →- Mukhyamantri Rajshri Yojana
₹50,000 girl child support in 6 instalments from birth to Class 12; combats female foeticide and dropout
Where it helps Universal for govt-hospital-born girls
Read the study note →- Mukhyamantri Vriddhjan Samman Pension
Rajasthan state pension of ₹1,000/month for all elderly aged 75+ regardless of income
Where it helps Not income-restricted — universal 75+
Read the study note →- Mukhyamantri Yuva Swarojgar Yojana
100% interest-subsidy self-employment scheme (launched Jan 12, 2026); targets 1 lakh entrepreneurs
Where it helps Loan slabs ₹3.5L–₹10L by education level
Read the study note →- Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)
Composite index measuring deprivation across health, education, and living standards
Where it helps Rajasthan: 28.86% (NFHS-4) → 15.31% (NFHS-5); 47% reduction
Read the study note →- Mustard
Oilseed; Rajasthan #1 national producer; key rabi crop
Where it helps Key cash crop; price support under PM-AASHA
Read the study note →- NABARD
Apex institution for agricultural/rural finance
Read the study note →- NAPCC
India's 8-mission climate policy framework
Read the study note →- National Green Hydrogen Mission
5 MMTPA green hydrogen by 2030; ₹19,744 crore
Read the study note →- National Highway (NH)
Roads of national importance connecting states, maintained by NHAI/MoRTH; Rajasthan has 10,790 km
Where it helps 47 NHs pass through Rajasthan
Read the study note →- National Indicator Framework (NIF)
MoSPI framework with 290 indicators for national SDG monitoring
Where it helps Basis for SDGs India Index; state SIFs aligned to NIF
Read the study note →- National Logistics Policy
Reduce logistics cost 13%→8% GDP; LPI top 25
Read the study note →- NCDC (National Cooperative Development Corporation)
Union Cabinet approved ₹2,000 crore grant (2025-29) benefiting 13,288 PACS with 2.9 crore members
Where it helps Rural cooperative credit improvement
Read the study note →- NDC (Nationally Determined Contribution)
Country's voluntary climate action pledge under Paris Agreement
Read the study note →- Neemrana Japanese Investment Zone
Special industrial zone in Alwar developed by RIICO hosting 50+ Japanese companies
Where it helps Honda, Daikin, Toyoda Gosei; DMIC integration
Read the study note →- NEP 2020 (National Education Policy)
India's comprehensive education reform replacing 10+2 structure with 5+3+3+4 curricular stages
Where it helps Praveshotsav 2026 aligned Class 1 age to 5 years
Read the study note →- Net-zero
State where GHG emissions = removals from atmosphere
Where it helps India target: 2070
Read the study note →- NFSA (National Food Security Act)
Legal entitlement to subsidised food for 81.35 crore
Read the study note →- NGT
Specialised court for environmental disputes
Read the study note →- NHDP (National Highway Development Project)
NHAI's phased programme for four/six-laning NHs; ₹15,920 crore invested for 845.32 km in Rajasthan
Where it helps Key NH upgradation programme
Read the study note →- NHM (National Health Mission)
Umbrella central scheme covering NRHM and NUHM; funds PHCs, CHCs, ASHA workers
Where it helps Critical for rural healthcare delivery in Rajasthan
Read the study note →- NIIF
India's sovereign wealth fund for infrastructure
Read the study note →- NMP
₹6 lakh crore infrastructure monetisation plan 2021–25
Read the study note →- Nominal GSDP
GSDP measured at current market prices, without adjusting for inflation
Where it helps Rajasthan: 12.02% nominal growth in 2024-25
Read the study note →- Non-Tax Revenue
Government receipts not from taxes: mining royalties, fees, IGNP water charges, dividends
Where it helps Rajasthan earns significantly from mining royalties
Read the study note →- OBC (Other Backward Classes)
Socially and educationally backward classes identified by state lists; Article 16(4) reservations
Where it helps 27% OBC reservation in Rajasthan jobs
Read the study note →- ODA (Official Development Assistance)
Concessional loans and grants from governments/multilateral bodies to developing nations for development
Where it helps JICA ODA 0.01–0.5%; 25-40 yr tenure
Read the study note →- ODF Plus
Open Defecation Free Plus status indicating sustained sanitation with solid/liquid waste management
Where it helps 32,793 Rajasthan villages declared ODF Plus
Read the study note →- Over-exploited Groundwater Block
Block where annual extraction exceeds annual recharge (>100% extraction)
Where it helps 80%+ Rajasthan blocks over-exploited; crisis indicator
Read the study note →- Own Tax Revenue (OTR)
State-collected taxes: SGST, stamps, excise, vehicle tax, entertainment tax
Where it helps Rajasthan: ₹94,086 crore; SGST grew 12.50% (2023-24)
Read the study note →- Pachpadra Refinery (HRRL)
9 MMTPA refinery at Barmer; HPCL 74% + GoR 26%; processes Barmer crude into Euro VI products
Where it helps 84% complete; ₹71,509 crore total; transforms state industry
Read the study note →- Palanhar Yojana
Rajasthan's family-based child welfare scheme; orphans get ₹1,500/month (0-5 yrs) & ₹2,500/month (6-18 yrs); other eligible categories get ₹750/month (0-6 yrs) & ₹1,500/month (6-18 yrs)
Where it helps Rajasthan's flagship child scheme
Read the study note →- Pali
Rajasthan's largest textile processing hub — 3,000+ dyeing and printing units
Where it helps Major textile export zone; water pollution challenge
Read the study note →- Panchayat Samiti (PS)
Intermediate (block) tier of Panchayati Raj, linking GPs and Zila Parishad
Where it helps Rajasthan: 365 Panchayat Samitis
Read the study note →- Paris Agreement
International climate treaty limiting warming to 1.5/2°C
Read the study note →- Per Capita Income (PCI)
GSDP divided by mid-year population; measures average income per person
Where it helps Rajasthan ₹1,85,053 vs national ₹2,00,162 (2024-25)
Read the study note →- Performer (SDG)
NITI Aayog category for states scoring 50-64 on SDG composite index
Where it helps Rajasthan's previous status (score 60 in 2020-21)
Read the study note →- PESA Act 1996
Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act; grants gram sabha powers over natural resources in tribal (5th Schedule) areas
Where it helps Rajasthan tribal self-governance
Read the study note →- Petroleum Potential Area
Area with geological conditions suitable for oil/gas exploration
Where it helps Rajasthan: 1,50,000 sq km across 4 basins
Read the study note →- PLFS (Periodic Labour Force Survey)
NSO annual survey measuring employment, unemployment, and labour force participation rates
Where it helps Rajasthan unemployment 4.7% (PLFS 2023-24)
Read the study note →- PLI Food Processing
Production Linked Incentive for food manufacturers
Read the study note →- PLI Scheme
Incentive on incremental manufacturing sales; 14 sectors
Read the study note →- PM Gati Shakti
Digital platform integrating 16 ministries for infrastructure
Read the study note →- PM GATI-SHAKTI
National Master Plan for multi-modal connectivity integrating road, rail, port, and logistics
Where it helps ICD Salawas (Jodhpur) expanded; reduces MSME export costs
Read the study note →- PM Surya Ghar
Rooftop solar scheme; 1 crore homes; 300 units free
Read the study note →- PM-KISAN
₹6,000/year income support to farmer families
Read the study note →- PM-KUSUM
Solar pumps for 35 lakh farmers; 30.8 GW target
Read the study note →- PM-VBRY
₹99,446 crore employment-linked incentive scheme for formalisation of 3.5 crore jobs
Where it helps Rajasthan's 1.43 crore unorganised workers in scope
Read the study note →- PMAY-G
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana — Gramin; provides ₹1.20-1.30 lakh per house for rural homeless
Where it helps Rural housing scheme; key rural development tool
Read the study note →- PMDDKY
Pradhan Mantri Dhan Dhaanya Krishi Yojana — ₹24,000 crore/yr integrating 36 schemes for 100 low-productivity districts
Where it helps Launched October 2025; Rajasthan arid districts included
Read the study note →- PMFBY
Crop insurance scheme with low farmer premium
Read the study note →- PMGSY (Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana)
Central scheme for all-weather rural road connectivity; PMGSY-III upgraded 8,249 km in Rajasthan
Where it helps Rural connectivity benchmark
Read the study note →- PMKSY (Kisan Sampada)
Food processing infrastructure umbrella scheme
Read the study note →- POSHAN Abhiyaan
National nutrition mission targeting child stunting and malnutrition
Read the study note →- Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)
Long-term contract between a power generator and buyer (DISCOM) fixing price and quantity of electricity
Where it helps Bhadla PPA ₹2.44/kWh
Read the study note →- PPP
Public-Private Partnership model for infrastructure
Read the study note →- Proactive Disclosure
Voluntary publication of government information without waiting for citizen RTI requests (Section 4, RTI Act)
Where it helps Jan Soochna Portal's core principle
Read the study note →- Production Sharing Contract (PSC)
Contract between government and oil company specifying royalty, profit sharing, and cost recovery
Where it helps Rajasthan crude royalty: 20% under PSC terms
Read the study note →- Public-Private Partnership (PPP)
Contractual collaboration between government and private entities for financing, building, and operating public assets
Where it helps 198 completed PPP projects in Rajasthan
Read the study note →- PVTG (Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups)
Pre-agricultural tribal groups with declining/stagnant population; special food/livelihood support
Where it helps Saharia, Khairwa, Kathodi in Rajasthan
Read the study note →- Rabi Season
Winter crop season (October-March); wheat, mustard, gram, cumin
Where it helps Major output season; mustard #1 nationally
Read the study note →- Raj-Kaj
Rajasthan's e-Office platform for paperless file management; 28.8 lakh+ files, 77 departments
Where it helps 9.8 lakh registered users
Read the study note →- Rajasthan Export Promotion Policy 2024
Policy targeting ₹1 lakh crore exports by 2027-28 (from ₹83,704 crore in 2023-24)
Where it helps Gems, textiles, handicrafts, agri-processed as key sectors
Read the study note →- Rajasthan Guaranteed Delivery of Public Services Act 2011
Mandates time-bound delivery of notified government services with penalties for delays
Where it helps Administrative governance reform
Read the study note →- Rajasthan IT Policy 2024
Replaces 2015 policy; targets ₹1 lakh crore IT investment and 5 lakh jobs by 2030
Where it helps November 2024; tier-2 city focus
Read the study note →- Rajasthan Millets Promotion Mission
State initiative (₹40 crore/yr) to promote bajra, jowar as export and nutrition crops
Where it helps "Millet Bowl of India" brand; Agriculture 2.0 framework
Read the study note →- Rajasthan Sampark
Centralised citizen grievance helpline (181); integrated with Jansunwai mechanism
Read the study note →- Rajivika
Rajasthan Rural Livelihood Mission under DAY-NRLM — SHG formation for women
Where it helps 48.64 lakh rural families in SHGs
Read the study note →- RAM Jal Setu Link Project
Rajasthan's flagship water connectivity project covering 17 districts, 3 crore people, 4 lakh ha irrigation
Where it helps Addresses SDG 6 and SDG 2; Viksit Rajasthan flagship
Read the study note →- RBSE
Rajasthan Board of Secondary Education — conducts Classes 10 and 12 examinations
Where it helps Class 12: 96.30% pass rate (2026)
Read the study note →- RCDF (Rajasthan Cooperative Dairy Federation)
State dairy cooperative operating under Saras brand for milk procurement and marketing
Where it helps Rajasthan: #2 milk producer (14.44% national)
Read the study note →- RCEP
Asia-Pacific trade bloc; India exited 2019
Read the study note →- Real GSDP
GSDP measured at constant (2011-12) prices, reflecting actual volume growth
Where it helps Rajasthan: 7.82% real growth vs national 6.4% (2024-25)
Read the study note →- Renewable Energy
Energy from naturally replenishing sources — solar, wind, biomass, small hydro — that do not deplete
Where it helps Rajasthan Integrated Clean Energy Policy 2024: 115 GW target by 2029-30
Read the study note →- Revenue Deficit
Excess of revenue expenditure over revenue receipts; funds consumed, not assets created
Where it helps Rajasthan: ₹38,955 crore (2023-24)
Read the study note →- Revenue Receipts
Tax + non-tax receipts that do not create liability; recurring income of government
Where it helps Rajasthan: ₹2,03,276 crore (2023-24)
Read the study note →- Revenue-Expenditure Ratio
Proportion of expenditure covered by revenue receipts (higher = better fiscal health)
Where it helps Rajasthan: 75.49% in 2023-24
Read the study note →- RGAVP (Rajasthan Grameen Ajeevika Vikas Parishad)
State rural livelihoods mission implementing SHG-bank linkage, skill training for rural women
Where it helps Women SHG ecosystem
Read the study note →- RGHS (Rajasthan Government Health Scheme)
Health coverage for state employees, pensioners, MLAs — 13.65 lakh families
Where it helps ₹2,370.82 crore, 130.72 lakh claims
Read the study note →- RIDF
NABARD fund for state-level rural infrastructure projects
Read the study note →- Right to Hearing Act
Rajasthan 2012 law giving citizens right to hearing on government applications (first in India)
Where it helps Rajasthan's transparency innovation; RPSC favourite
Read the study note →- Right to Hearing Act 2012
India's first law mandating public authority hearing of citizen grievances within fixed timelines
Where it helps Rajasthan's pioneering governance law
Read the study note →- RIICO
Rajasthan Industrial Infrastructure Corporation — develops and manages industrial areas statewide
Where it helps 424 industrial areas; 44,560+ production units (2024-25)
Read the study note →- RIPS 2024
Rajasthan Investment Promotion Scheme 2024 — provides fiscal incentives to new industrial investments
Where it helps Investment subsidy, SGST reimbursement, employment grants
Read the study note →- Rising Rajasthan Summit
Global investment summit (December 2024) generating ₹35 lakh crore MoUs from 5,000+ delegates
Where it helps Anchors Viksit Rajasthan $350 billion target
Read the study note →- Road Density
Total road length per 100 sq. km of geographic area; measures infrastructure coverage
Where it helps Rajasthan: 92.66 km/100 sq. km
Read the study note →- RODTEP
Refund of embedded taxes on exports
Read the study note →- RPWD Act 2016
Rights of Persons with Disabilities; mandates 4% reservation in govt jobs; 21 disability categories
Where it helps Audit 2024-25 shows poor compliance in states
Read the study note →- RRECL
Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Ltd.; implements solar/wind parks and renewable policy
Where it helps Developed Bhadla Solar Park
Read the study note →- RSLDC
Rajasthan Skill and Livelihood Development Corporation; implements skill training programmes
Where it helps 8.65 lakh trained 2024-25; 1,111 partner agencies
Read the study note →- RTI Act 2005
Central law enabling citizens to request information from public authorities; Section 4 requires proactive disclosure
Where it helps Foundation for Jan Soochna Portal
Read the study note →- RUSDIP
ADB-funded urban infrastructure programme covering 14 towns; includes 24×7 water pilot at Kishangarh
Where it helps Flagship EAP for urban water
Read the study note →- RWSLIP (JICA)
Rajasthan Water Sector Livelihood Improvement Project — rehabilitates 137 irrigation projects
Where it helps JICA-funded; 4.70 lakh ha CCA; ₹2,294.30 crore
Read the study note →- Sagarmala
Port-led development programme; 802 projects
Read the study note →- Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan
Central programme integrating SSA, RMSA, and TE to provide holistic school education (Classes 1-12)
Where it helps Key implementation vehicle for NEP 2020
Read the study note →- Saubhagya
Household electrification scheme; 100% achieved
Read the study note →- SBM-G Phase II
Swachh Bharat Mission — Gramin Phase II targeting ODF Plus (solid waste, grey water management)
Where it helps Rajasthan: 32,793 ODF Plus villages declared
Read the study note →- SC (Scheduled Castes)
Constitutionally specified castes entitled to protective discrimination and welfare; Articles 15, 16, 341
Where it helps 17.8% of Rajasthan population
Read the study note →- Schedule 11
Lists 29 subjects that may be devolved to Panchayati Raj Institutions under 73rd Amendment
Where it helps Constitutional basis for PRIs' functional authority
Read the study note →- Schematic Expenditure
Expenditure under specific government schemes with allocated budgets
Where it helps Rajasthan: ₹1,56,867 crore (+10.27%) in 2023-24
Read the study note →- SDG 10
Reduced Inequalities — reducing inequality within and among countries
Where it helps Rajasthan scored 49; weakest SDG; district disparities
Read the study note →- SDG 7
Affordable and Clean Energy — ensuring access to reliable, sustainable, modern energy
Where it helps Rajasthan scored perfect 100; solar energy leadership
Read the study note →- SDGs
17 goals adopted by UN member states (Agenda 2030)
Read the study note →- SDGs India Index
NITI Aayog index measuring state/UT progress on SDGs; 4th edition (2023-24) on 113 indicators
Where it helps Rajasthan moved from Performer (60) to Front-Runner (67)
Read the study note →- Service Sector
Economic sector producing intangible goods (banking, IT, trade)
Read the study note →- SEZ
Zone with tax/customs benefits for export manufacturing
Read the study note →- SEZ (Special Economic Zone)
Designated zone with simplified regulations and tax incentives for export-oriented production
Where it helps Mahindra World City, Jaipur — Rajasthan's first SEZ
Read the study note →- SHG (Self-Help Group)
Group of 10-20 women members pooling savings for micro-credit and collective enterprise
Where it helps Backbone of rural women economic empowerment
Read the study note →- Small and Marginal Farmers Pension
Monthly pension of ₹1,150 to 2,09,530 small/marginal farmers in Rajasthan
Where it helps Social protection; ₹246.64 crore expenditure
Read the study note →- Smart Cities Mission
Central mission for technology-driven urban development; 4 Rajasthan cities (Jaipur, Udaipur, Kota, Ajmer)
Where it helps ₹3,740.30 crore spent up to Dec 2024
Read the study note →- Soil Health Card
Free soil testing and fertiliser recommendation card
Read the study note →- SPFM Project
World Bank's Strengthening Public Financial Management project (US$31 million) for Rajasthan
Where it helps Fiscal reform tool; improves accounting, audit, budget systems
Read the study note →- ST (Scheduled Tribes)
Constitutionally specified tribal communities; Articles 15, 16, 342; PESA and FRA protections
Where it helps 13.5% of Rajasthan population
Read the study note →- Stamps and Registration
Revenue from property transactions; grew 12.12% in 2023-24
Where it helps Real estate activity indicator; key revenue source
Read the study note →- Stand Up India
Scheme providing ₹10 lakh–₹1 crore bank loans to SC/ST and women entrepreneurs
Where it helps Rajasthan: ₹587.16 crore, 2,675 units
Read the study note →- State Budget
Annual financial statement of Rajasthan government showing estimated receipts and expenditures (Article 202)
Where it helps Rajasthan Budget 2025-26: ₹2,09,633.99 crore
Read the study note →- State Finance Commission (SFC)
State-level body (Article 243-I) recommending devolution to PRIs and ULBs
Where it helps 6th SFC: 2020-25; ₹621.07 crore transferred in 2024-25
Read the study note →- State Goods and Services Tax (SGST)
State's share of GST on intra-state supply of goods and services
Where it helps Largest single source of Rajasthan's own tax revenue
Read the study note →- State Highway (SH)
Roads connecting districts and towns within a state, maintained by state PWD; Rajasthan 17,376 km
Where it helps 23 SHs being upgraded
Read the study note →- State Indicator Framework (SIF)
Rajasthan's 330-indicator framework (DES) for monitoring SDGs at state level
Where it helps Above national NIF (290 indicators); DES, Yojana Bhawan
Read the study note →- Surplus Budget
Budget where receipts exceed expenditure (rare for Rajasthan; state typically runs deficits)
Where it helps Conceptual contrast to Rajasthan's persistent fiscal deficit
Read the study note →- Sustainable Development
Development meeting present needs without compromising future generations
Read the study note →- Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
17 global goals adopted by UN in 2015 targeting poverty, health, education, climate by 2030
Where it helps Rajasthan composite score: 67 (Front-Runner, 2023-24)
Read the study note →- Svamitva Scheme
Property cards for rural household land rights
Read the study note →- Svamitva Yojana
Drone-based rural property mapping scheme issuing legally valid property cards
Where it helps Rajasthan: 6,85,935 cards in 35,955 villages
Read the study note →- Tele-radiology (AI)
AI-enabled remote diagnostic service for early detection of silicosis; won National e-Governance Gold Award 2024-25
Where it helps Innovation in health governance
Read the study note →- Telecom Act 2023
Replaced Indian Telegraph Act 1885; updated spectrum law
Read the study note →- Terms of Trade
Ratio of export prices to import prices
Read the study note →- Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
Average number of children a woman would bear over her reproductive lifetime
Where it helps Rajasthan TFR: 2.4 → 2.0 (NFHS-5)
Read the study note →- TPDS
Targeted Public Distribution System for subsidised food
Read the study note →- TRIFED
National apex body for tribal product marketing and tribal welfare; runs VDVKs
Where it helps Connects tribal products to national markets
Read the study note →- Two-Child Norm
Former Section 19, Rajasthan PR Act 1994 disqualifying candidates with >2 children
Where it helps Abolished by Amendment Bill 2026 (March 2026)
Read the study note →- UDAN
Regional air connectivity scheme; VGF subsidised routes
Read the study note →- UDID (Unique Disability Identification)
National unique ID for persons with disabilities; Rajasthan integrated UDID with Jan Aadhaar (cited as model)
Where it helps Disability welfare identification
Read the study note →- Udyam Portal
Online MSME registration platform
Read the study note →- ULIP
Unified platform integrating 38 govt logistics systems
Read the study note →- Unemployment Rate
% of labour force actively seeking but unable to find work (Current Weekly Status basis in PLFS)
Where it helps Rajasthan 4.7%; down from 4.9% (2022-23)
Read the study note →- UNFCCC
UN treaty body governing climate negotiations
Read the study note →- UPI
Real-time digital payment platform; 14.96 bn txns/month
Read the study note →- Van Dhan Vikas Kendra (VDVK)
TRIFED-run cluster of 15-20 tribal SHGs (~300 beneficiaries) for NTFP value-addition and marketing
Where it helps Banswara, Dungarpur, Pratapgarh in Rajasthan
Read the study note →- Vande Bharat Express
India-made semi-high-speed train (160 km/h)
Read the study note →- Vedanta Ltd.
Operator of Barmer oil block (acquired Cairn India in 2011)
Where it helps 66,000-67,000 bopd; 15 Barmer fields; 14.95% national share
Read the study note →- Vehicle Tax
State tax on motor vehicles; grew 9.39% in 2023-24 for Rajasthan
Where it helps Indicator of motorisation; growing revenue head
Read the study note →- Viksit Bharat 2047
India's vision to become developed nation by 2047
Read the study note →- Viksit Gaon-Ward Abhiyan
Campaign (March 19–May 15, 2026) for bottom-up master plans in all 11,341 Gram Panchayats
Where it helps Decentralised planning under Viksit Rajasthan 2047
Read the study note →- Viksit Rajasthan 2047
Rajasthan government's long-term vision targeting $350 billion economy by 2029 via 10 Sankalps
Where it helps Rising Rajasthan summit ₹35 lakh crore MoUs
Read the study note →- Waqf (Amendment) Act 2024
Reforms waqf board governance; mandatory property survey; District Collector oversight; limits unilateral waqf declaration
Where it helps Minority welfare governance reform
Read the study note →- World Bank
Multilateral development bank lending to developing countries; funds Rajasthan's RUIDP, education, disaster projects
Where it helps IBRD loans at market-concessional rates
Read the study note →- Zamindari Abolition
Elimination of intermediary land rights post-independence
Read the study note →- ZED Certification
Quality and environment certification for MSMEs
Read the study note →- Zila Parishad (ZP)
District-level tier of Panchayati Raj, apex of 3-tier structure
Where it helps Rajasthan: 33 Zila Parishads
Read the study note →